Nokea
The nurse is teaching a client with a new colostomy about dietary management. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the client avoid to reduce odor and gas?
- A. Broccoli.
- B. Baked chicken.
- C. Rice.
- D. Yogurt.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: broccoli is a gas-forming food that can increase odor and gas in a colostomy
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The physician has ordered nitroglycerin buccal tablets for a client with stable angina. The nurse knows that nitroglycerin:
- A. Slows contractions of the heart
- B. Dilates coronary blood vessels
- C. Increases the ventricular fill time
- D. Strengthens contractions of the heart
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nitroglycerin dilates coronary blood vessels, improving blood flow to the myocardium and relieving angina.
The nurse is aware that a common mode of transmission of clostridium difficile is:
- A. Use of unsterile surgical equipment
- B. Contamination with sputum
- C. Through the urinary catheter
- D. Contamination with stool
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: C. difficile is transmitted via fecal-oral route through contaminated stool.
A client recently diagnosed with atrial fibrillation is being discharged home on digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse is providing education to the client and family. Which client statement indicates the need for further teaching?
- A. I should take my medicine at the same time each day.
- B. If I miss a dose, I can take it as soon as I remember it.
- C. I need to call my doctor if my heart rate goes below 60 or above 110.
- D. Changes in my vision could be toxicity and should be reported immediately.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Taking a missed digoxin dose as soon as remembered is incorrect; clients should skip it if it’s close to the next dose to avoid toxicity. Other statements reflect correct understanding.
A client has been hospitalized with a diagnosis of laryngeal cancer. Which factor is most significant in the development of laryngeal cancer?
- A. A family history of laryngeal cancer
- B. Chronic inhalation of noxious fumes
- C. Frequent straining of the vocal cords
- D. A history of frequent alcohol and tobacco use
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Frequent alcohol and tobacco use is the most significant risk factor for laryngeal cancer due to chronic irritation and carcinogenic effects on laryngeal tissues.
A client's lab results have just come in. The nurse reviews the electrolytes and contacts the health care provider regarding which result?
- A. chloride 167 mEq/L
- B. calcium 9.3 mg/dL
- C. phosphate 3.8 mg/dL
- D. sodium 141 mEq/L
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chloride 167 mEq/L is severely elevated (normal 98-106 mEq/L), requiring immediate attention. Other values are normal.