Nokea
The nurse is teaching a client with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus about dietary modifications. Which of the following foods should the client limit?
- A. Whole grains.
- B. Sugary beverages.
- C. Lean proteins.
- D. Non-starchy vegetables.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sugary beverages should be limited in type 2 diabetes to prevent blood glucose spikes.
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A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted with hyperglycemia. The nurse administers regular insulin as ordered. When should the nurse expect the insulin to begin acting?
- A. 15 to 30 minutes
- B. 1 to 2 hours
- C. 2 to 4 hours
- D. 4 to 6 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular insulin, a short-acting insulin, typically begins acting within 15 to 30 minutes after subcutaneous administration, making it effective for rapid blood glucose control.
A child is brought to the emergency department after being bitten on the arm by a neighborhood dog. Which is the priority question for the nurse to ask the parent of the child?
- A. How old is the dog?
- B. Does the dog have a history of biting?
- C. Are the child's immunizations up-to-date?
- D. Did the dog have all of its recommended shots?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a bite occurs, the injury site of the bite should be cleansed carefully and the child should be given tetanus prophylaxis if immunizations are not up-to-date. The remaining options identify information that may have to be obtained, but are not the priority questions. Additionally the mother may not have the answers to these questions.
A client 6 weeks postpartum is asking the nurse about taking progesterone (Depo-Provera) for birth control. Which of the following should the nurse determine? Select all that apply.
- A. If the client has a sexually transmitted disease.
- B. How willing her husband is to have her take the drug.
- C. If the woman is experiencing postpartum depression.
- D. That the woman is not currently pregnant.
- E. If the woman is breast-feeding.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: The nurse should assess for postpartum depression, pregnancy status, and breast-feeding, as these affect Depo-Provera's safety and efficacy. STDs and husband's willingness are not primary concerns.
The nurse should instruct the parent of a child who is taking valproic acid (Depakene) that the child will need to have routine blood analyses consisting of which of the following?
- A. Complete blood count (CBC) and alkaline phosphate level.
- B. Amylase and platelet levels.
- C. Electrolytes and CBC.
- D. Platelet and fibrinogen levels.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Valproic acid requires monitoring of amylase (for pancreatitis) and platelet levels (for thrombocytopenia).
The nurse is caring for a client who has just undergone a total knee replacement. Which of the following interventions is most important in the immediate postoperative period?
- A. Encourage weight-bearing on the affected leg.
- B. Apply ice packs to the surgical site.
- C. Keep the leg in a dependent position.
- D. Limit range-of-motion exercises.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Applying ice packs reduces swelling and pain post-knee replacement, promoting recovery.