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The nurse is teaching the importance of an exercise regime that includes walking daily for a group of clients with asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema at a pulmonary rehabilitation clinic. Which rationale should the nurse include when motivating the clients?
- A. Daily exercise and walking enhances cardiovascular fitness
- B. Exercise eliminates the need for bronchodilator medications.
- C. Walking daily reverses lung damage caused by chronic conditions.
- D. Physical activity increases mucus production to clear airways.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular exercise improves cardiovascular fitness, which can enhance overall respiratory function and quality of life in clients with chronic pulmonary conditions.
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Regarding ECG in infancy
- A. T Wave inversion present
- B. PR interval is < 0.16 s
- C. P wave is < 3mm tall
- D. QRS represent ventricular depolarization
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In infants, the PR interval is shorter than in adults (< 0.16 seconds).
An 8-year-old child is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse should notify the practitioner and withhold the medication if the apical pulse is less than _____ beats/min.
- A. 60
- B. 70
- C. 90
- D. 100
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If a 1-minute apical pulse is less than 70 beats/min for an older child, the digoxin is withheld; 60 beats/min is the cut-off for holding the digoxin dose in an adult. A pulse below 90 to 110 beats/min is the determination for not giving a digoxin dose to infants and young children.
Specific receptor defects occur in:
- A. Guillain-Barre syndrome
- B. Myasthenia gravis
- C. Graves' disease
- D. Ulcerative colitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Myasthenia gravis is characterized by antibodies against acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, leading to muscle weakness.
In Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome:
- A. The abnormal pathway is between the atrial and ventricular myocardium
- B. Wide QRS complexes occur more frequently than narrow QRS
- C. Narrow QRS complexes are regular
- D. Verapamil is the treatment of choice for atrial fibrillation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, a wide QRS complex is often seen due to the presence of an accessory pathway that bypasses the normal conduction system.
The lower limit of pulse rate in neonate at rest is
- A. 50/min
- B. 60/min
- C. 70/min
- D. 80/min
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The lower limit of normal pulse rate in neonates at rest is typically around 60 beats/min.