Nokea
The nurse is teaching the mother of a child with cystic fibrosis how to do chest percussion. The nurse should tell the mother to:
- A. Use the heel of her hand during percussion
- B. Change the child's position every 20 minutes
- C. Do percussion after the child eats and at bedtime
- D. Use cupped hands during percussion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cupped hands during chest percussion loosen mucus in cystic fibrosis, creating vibrations without pain, a key physiotherapy technique to clear airways. Heel strikes are harsh, frequent repositioning isn't routine, and post-meal percussion risks reflux. Nurses teach this method for effective secretion management, improving breathing and reducing infection risk in this chronic condition.
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Which of the following provides that nurses must be a member of a national nurse organization?
- A. R.A 877
- B. 1981 Code of ethics approved by the house of delegates
- C. R.A 7164
- D. PNA memorandum no. 22 series of 1922
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The 1981 Philippine Nursing Code of Ethics, approved by delegates, mandates membership in a national organization (PNA) e.g., ensuring ethical accountability. R.A. 877 (old law), R.A. 7164 (1991 law), and PNA memos differ. This reflects nursing's collective responsibility, reinforcing professional unity and standards.
Which of the following statement is NOT true about pulse pressure?
- A. Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure
- B. Normal pulse pressure is 40 mmHg
- C. Pulse pressure increases when the systolic pressure is elevated and the diastolic pressure remains the same
- D. Elderly people have decreased pulse pressure due to loss of elasticity in the blood vessels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pulse pressure is systolic minus diastolic (A), typically 40 mmHg (B), and rises if systolic increases with stable diastolic (C), per cardiovascular norms. Elderly have increased pulse pressure (D) due to arterial stiffness systolic rises, diastolic may drop making D untrue. Aging widens pulse pressure, not narrows it, contradicting D, thus it's the correct answer as the false statement.
The nurse enters the room to give a prescribed medication but the patient is inside the bathroom. What should the nurse do?
- A. Leave the medication at the bedside and leave the room.
- B. After a few minutes, return to that patient's room and do not leave until the patient takes the medication.
- C. Instruct the patient to take the medication and leave it at the bedside.
- D. Wait for the patient to return to bed and just leave the medication at the bedside.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Returning after a few minutes and staying until the patient takes the medication ensures safe administration, adhering to the 'Five Rights' right patient, drug, dose, route, and time. The nurse verifies ingestion, preventing errors like missed doses or misuse, and documents accurately. Leaving medication unattended risks it being lost, taken incorrectly, or accessed by others, violating safety protocols. Instructing without supervision assumes compliance but lacks confirmation, potentially falsifying records if the dose isn't taken. Waiting briefly then leaving it bedside still neglects oversight. Returning and remaining present balances respect for the patient's privacy with accountability, ensuring the medication reaches its intended recipient at the prescribed time, critical for treatment efficacy and legal standards in nursing practice.
The most important nursing intervention to correct skin dryness is:
- A. Avoid bathing the patient until the condition is remedied, and notify the physician
- B. Ask the physician to refer the patient to a dermatologist, and suggest that the patient wear home-laundered sleepwear
- C. Consult the dietitian about increasing the patient's fat intake, and take necessary measures to prevent infection
- D. Encourage the patient to increase his fluid intake, use non-irritating soap when bathing the patient, and apply lotion to the involved areas
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hydration, gentle soap, and lotion address dryness and prevent cracking.
Which of the following statement is NOT true about tort law in nursing?
- A. Covers wrongful acts
- B. Includes negligence
- C. Always criminal
- D. May involve compensation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tort law covers wrongs (A), includes negligence (B), may compensate (D) 'always criminal' (C) isn't true, civil not criminal, per law. C's criminality misstates tort's civil focus, like Mr. Gary's potential claim, making it untrue.