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The nurse is working with a Parent Teacher Organization (PTO) to increase safety for children walking to and from a nearby elementary school. Which action should the nurse include to help achieve this goal?
- A. Encourage residents with older homes along the school route to get their homes inspected for excessive lead levels.
- B. Advise the residents to keep their porch lights on during hours that children are walking to and from school.
- C. Lead a discussion about the benefits of designated safe houses located throughout the school neighborhood.
- D. Help the residents plan a campaign to remind people driving through the school zone to wear seatbelts at all times.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Designated safe houses provide a structured safety measure, offering refuge for children in emergencies, directly enhancing pedestrian safety.
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When assessing a community's health promotion needs, which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Evaluate previous project outcomes.
- B. Interview community members.
- C. Project future health care requirements.
- D. Schedule a community-wide health fair.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Interviewing community members identifies current health promotion needs and priorities, ensuring interventions are relevant and effective.
A toddler is brought by a parent to the health department for scheduled immunizations. The toddler clings to the caregiver and cowers when approached. Which assessment warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
- A. Small bruises on the lower extremities.
- B. A one-inch laceration across center of forehead.
- C. Refusal to answer simple questions.
- D. Several dime-sized circular burns on the back.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Circular burns are suggestive of abuse, requiring immediate intervention to ensure the child's safety and further investigation.
Two years ago, the nurse assessed the health needs of high school students and determined that student pregnancy was a priority problem. The nurse then developed a pregnancy prevention program for the entire school district. Which finding is the best indicator of the program's effectiveness?
- A. 80% of the students attend a voluntary sex education seminar.
- B. Students report an average delay of 2 years for their first sexual experience.
- C. Students requesting information about adolescent pregnancy has increased by 25%.
- D. 75% of the parents agree to support a pregnancy prevention program in the schools.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A delay in first sexual experience directly indicates behavioral change, reducing pregnancy risk and demonstrating the program's effectiveness in altering student behavior.
One hundred families in a community refuse to have their children immunized because of religious beliefs. When one documented case of whooping cough occurs within this aggregate, which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Immunize all children under age 5 in the one hundred family aggregate.
- B. Immunize all members of the one hundred families.
- C. Quarantine the one hundred family aggregate.
- D. Quarantine all family members of the child with whooping cough.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Quarantining the affected child's family members prevents whooping cough spread, targeting those most likely exposed.
The nurse is documenting the medical history of a young adult client who was recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The client smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily and the client's father died of a heart attack at the age of 45. Which annual screening is most important for the nurse include?
- A. Renal insufficiency.
- B. Peripheral neuropathy.
- C. Hyperlipidemia.
- D. Retinopathy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Given the client's smoking habit and family history of early heart attack, screening for hyperlipidemia is critical to address cardiovascular risk, which is heightened by these factors and diabetes.