Nokea
The nurse knows that elevated findings on which laboratory test typically validate a diagnosis of gout?
- A. Creatinine clearance
- B. Blood urea nitrogen
- C. Serum uric acid
- D. Serum calcium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated serum uric acid levels confirm gout, as they reflect the hyperuricemia leading to crystal formation in joints. Other tests are not specific to gout diagnosis.
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Which assessment finding is the best indication that the client is experiencing secondary complications from the fractured ribs?
- A. Irregular pulse rate
- B. The client's affected leg is shorter than her unaffected leg.
- C. The client's affected leg is shorter than her unaffected leg.
- D. The client's affected leg is executed leg is externally rotated.
- E. The client prefers to sit rather than lie flat.
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Fractured ribs can cause complications like pneumothorax or hemothorax, leading to difficulty breathing when lying flat. The client's preference to sit upright suggests respiratory distress, a secondary complication. Leg findings are unrelated to rib fractures, and irregular pulse is less specific.
Which statement by the nurse about fiberglass casts is most accurate?
- A. Fiberglass casts are less expensive than plaster
- B. Fiberglass casts are lightweight.
- C. Fiberglass casts are flexible.
- D. Fiberglass casts are less restrictive than plaster casts.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fiberglass casts are lightweight compared to plaster, making them more comfortable for clients. They are not necessarily less expensive, flexible, or less restrictive, as both types immobilize effectively.
What equipment is best for preventing external rotation of the operative leg when caring for a client with a total hip replacement?
- A. A footboard
- B. A trochanter roll
- C. A turning sheet
- D. A foam mattress
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A trochanter roll prevents external rotation, maintaining hip alignment.
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for preventing a pathological fracture?
- A. Encouraging a high fluid intake
- B. Providing a nutritional diet
- C. Supporting the limb during movement
- D. Relieving pressure on bony prominences
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Supporting the limb during movement minimizes stress on the necrotic bone, reducing the risk of a pathological fracture in osteomyelitis. Fluid, diet, and pressure relief are less directly preventive.
The 32-year-old male client with a traumatic left AKA is being discharged from the rehabilitation department. Which discharge instructions should be included in the teaching? Select all that apply.
- A. Report any pain not relieved with analgesics.
- B. Eat a well-balanced diet and increase protein intake.
- C. Be sure to attend all outpatient rehabilitation appointments.
- D. Encourage the client to attend a support group for amputations.
- E. Stay at home as much as possible for the first couple of months.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Reporting unrelieved pain, high-protein diet, rehab appointments, and support groups promote healing and adaptation. Staying home hinders recovery and socialization.