Nokea
Which explanation most accurately explains to the client the primary purpose of the splints?
- A. Splints are used to slow joint deterioration.
- B. Splints are used to improve hand strength.
- C. Splints are used to increase range of motion.
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Splints in rheumatoid arthritis are used to rest joints, reducing inflammation and slowing joint deterioration during acute episodes. They do not primarily strengthen hands or increase motion.
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Which statement made by the family member indicates the need for further teaching?
- A. The hand should be elevated higher than the elbow.
- B. The knot should be tied at the back of the neck.
- C. The elbow should be flexed within the sling.
- D. The sling is used to elevate and support the arm.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tying the knot at the back of the neck may cause discomfort or pressure on the cervical spine. The knot should be tied to the side to avoid this. The other statements correctly describe the proper use of a triangular sling for shoulder immobilization.
When the nurse examines the client, which body part is usually affected by gout?
- A. Great toe
- B. Index finger
- C. Sacrococcygeal vertebrae
- D. Temporomandibular joint
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The great toe is commonly affected in gout due to uric acid crystal deposition.
Which statement indicates that the client understands the restrictions to be followed?
- A. I should avoid pointing my toes.
- B. I shouldn't cross my legs.
- C. I shouldn't lie flat in bed.
- D. I shouldn't stand upright.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Avoiding crossing legs prevents adduction of the hip, which could lead to dislocation after total hip replacement. The other restrictions are less critical or inaccurate.
Which assessment finding is the best indication that the client is experiencing secondary complications from the fractured ribs?
- A. Irregular pulse rate
- B. The client's affected leg is shorter than her unaffected leg.
- C. The client's affected leg is shorter than her unaffected leg.
- D. The client's affected leg is executed leg is externally rotated.
- E. The client prefers to sit rather than lie flat.
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Fractured ribs can cause complications like pneumothorax or hemothorax, leading to difficulty breathing when lying flat. The client's preference to sit upright suggests respiratory distress, a secondary complication. Leg findings are unrelated to rib fractures, and irregular pulse is less specific.
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for preventing a pathological fracture?
- A. Encouraging a high fluid intake
- B. Providing a nutritional diet
- C. Supporting the limb during movement
- D. Relieving pressure on bony prominences
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Supporting the limb during movement minimizes stress on the necrotic bone, reducing the risk of a pathological fracture in osteomyelitis. Fluid, diet, and pressure relief are less directly preventive.