Nokea
The nurse must keep an accurate intake and output record to assess kidney efficiency. In order for the kidneys to remove waste what is the least amount of hourly urine output the kidneys must produce to remove waste?
- A. 10 mL
- B. 20 mL
- C. 30 mL
- D. 40 mL
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The kidneys must excrete a minimum of 30 mL/h to eliminate waste products.
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Electrolytes are not measured by weight; their chemical activity is expressed in milliequivalents. What does 1 mEq of potassium have the same combining power as?
- A. 1 mEq of nitrogen
- B. 1 mEq of oxygen
- C. 1 mEq of hydrogen
- D. 1 mEq of magnesium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Electrolytes are measured in milliequivalents: 1 mEq of any electrolyte is equal to 1 mEq of hydrogen.
What are the three types of passive transport?
- A. Diffusion
- B. Titration
- C. Osmosis
- D. Distillation
- E. Filtration
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: The three types of passive transport are diffusion, osmosis, and filtration.
The nurse weighs a patient at the same time of day with the same scale and same clothing. What is this a simple and accurate method of determining?
- A. An accurate weight
- B. Water balance
- C. Adequate nutrition
- D. Urinary output
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A simple and accurate method of determining water balance is to weigh the patient under the same conditions each day.
When administering intravenous (IV) fluids the nurse ensures that the IV fluids are infusing as ordered to prevent dehydration in an adult. When could dehydration become lethal?
- A. If the patient loses 5% of body fluid
- B. If the patient loses 10% of body fluid
- C. If the patient loses 15% of body fluid
- D. If the patient loses 20% of body fluid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A loss of 20% of body fluid in an adult is fatal.
When a patient takes substances into the body they first enter the extracellular compartment. What must the substances enter to carry out their function?
- A. Horizontal compartment
- B. Intracellular compartment
- C. Compartmental
- D. Vertical compartment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To carry out their function, substances must enter the cell.