Nokea
The nurse promotes optimal drug effectiveness by doing what? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Incorporate basic history and physical assessment factors into the plan of care.
- B. Evaluate the effectiveness of drugs after they have been administered.
- C. Modify the drug regimen to modify adverse or intolerable effects.
- D. Minimize the number of medications administered to patients.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Incorporate basic history and physical assessment factors into any plan of care so that obvious problems can be identified and handled promptly. If a drug simply does not do what it is expected to do, further examine the factors that are known to influence drug effects. Frequently, the drug regimen can be modified to deal with that influence. Minimizing the number of medications administered is usually not an option because each drug is ordered for a reason of necessity for the patient.
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The client has begun medication therapy with pancrelipase (Pancrease MT). The nurse evaluates that the medication is having the optimal intended benefit if which effect is observed?
- A. Weight loss
- B. Relief of heartburn
- C. Reduction of steatorrhea
- D. Absence of abdominal pain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pancrelipase (Pancrease MT) is a pancreatic enzyme used in clients with pancreatitis as a digestive aid. The medication should reduce the amount of fatty stools (steatorrhea). Another intended effect could be improved nutritional status. It is not used to treat abdominal pain or heartburn. Its use could result in weight gain but should not result in weight loss if it is aiding in digestion.
Please select a correct statement:
- A. Steroids excreted in maximal amount in evening and night time - between 20-24 h
- B. Steroids maximal excretion is in morning time - between -4-8 h
- C. Steroids maximal secretion is in daytime- between -12-16 h
- D. Steroids decrease sensitivity of vessels and bronchus towards catecholamines
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Steroids peak in the morning (4-8 AM) due to circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion.
A nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of nurses about actions that nurses can do to help prevent drug errors. Which of the following would the nurse include? Select one that does not apply
- A. Rechecking all calculations
- B. Always administering the drug before answering any of the client's questions
- C. Avoiding distractions and concentrating on only one task at a time
- D. Confirming any questionable orders
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In addition to following the five +1 rights of drug administration, a nurse can employ the following strategies to aid in the prevention of drug errors: confirm any questionable orders; when calculations are necessary, verify them with another nurse; listen to the client when he or she questions a drug, the dosage, or the drug regimen; never administer the drug until the client's questions have been adequately researched; and avoid distractions and concentrate on only one task at a time.
Which of the following drugs is used to accelerate pulmonary maturation in the fetus in women with premature labor?
- A. Aminoglutethimide
- B. Betamethasone
- C. Mifepristone
- D. Misoprostol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Betamethasone, a glucocorticoid, is administered to enhance fetal lung maturation by stimulating surfactant production in preterm labor.
The nurse is teaching a nursing student about the antifungal drug amphotericin B. Which statement by the student indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. Amphotericin B may be given intravenously or by mouth
- B. Patients who take this drug should have potassium and magnesium levels assessed
- C. Patients with renal disease should not take amphotericin B
- D. This drug is used for severe systemic infections
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amphotericin B is IV-only due to poor oral absorption; electrolyte monitoring and systemic use are correct. Amphotericin B is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, so is not given by mouth.