Nokea
The nurse recognizes that use of estrogen drugs is contraindicated in which patient?
- A. A patient who has atrophic vaginitis
- B. A patient who has inoperable prostate cancer
- C. A woman who has just given birth and wants to prevent postpartum lactation
- D. A woman with a history of thrombophlebitis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Estrogen increases the risk of thromboembolism, making it contraindicated in patients with a history of thrombophlebitis. Atrophic vaginitis and inoperable prostate cancer are indications for estrogen therapy, and it is not used to prevent lactation.
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The nurse is teaching a patient about the adverse effects of fertility drugs such as clomiphene. Which is a potential adverse effect of this drug?
- A. Headache
- B. Drowsiness
- C. Dysmenorrhea
- D. Hypertension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clomiphene can cause headaches as a side effect, along with vomiting, restlessness, and urticaria. Drowsiness, dysmenorrhea, and hypertension are not typical adverse effects.
A patient wants to try an oral soy product to relieve perimenopausal symptoms. The nurse will assess the patient's medication history for which potential drug interaction?
- A. Thyroid replacement therapy
- B. Oral anticoagulant therapy
- C. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- D. Beta blockers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oral soy can interfere with thyroid hormone absorption, reducing its efficacy. It does not significantly interact with anticoagulants, NSAIDs, or beta blockers.
A 51-year-old woman will be taking selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) as part of treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis. The nurse reviews potential contraindications, including which condition?
- A. Hypocalcemia
- B. Breast cancer
- C. Stress fractures
- D. Venous thromboembolism
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: SERMs like raloxifene are contraindicated in patients with venous thromboembolism (e.g., DVT, PE) due to increased clotting risk. Hypocalcemia, breast cancer, and stress fractures are not contraindications.
The nurse is providing patient education for a patient taking an oral contraceptive. Which drugs may cause interactions with oral contraceptives? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Cephalexin
- B. Guaifenesin
- C. Warfarin
- D. Ibuprofen
- E. Theophylline
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Cephalexin, warfarin, and theophylline can interact with oral contraceptives, reducing their efficacy or altering drug levels. Antibiotics like cephalosporins may decrease contraceptive effectiveness, and contraceptives can affect warfarin and theophylline metabolism.
During a follow-up visit, a patient who has been on estrogen therapy admits that she has continued to smoke cigarettes. The nurse will remind the patient that smoking while on estrogen may lead to an increase in which of these conditions?
- A. Incidence of nausea
- B. Risk for thrombosis
- C. Levels of triglycerides
- D. Tendency to bleed during menstruation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking increases the risk of thrombosis during estrogen therapy due to synergistic effects on coagulation. It does not significantly affect nausea, triglycerides, or menstrual bleeding.