foundation of nursing practice questions

foundation of nursing practice questions Related

Review foundation of nursing practice questions related questions and content

The nurse responds to the call light of a patient who has had a cervical diskectomy earlier in the day. Thecpatient states that she is having severe pain that had a sudden onset. What is the nurses most appropriate action?

  • A. Palpate the surgical site.
  • B. Remove the dressing to assess the surgical site.
  • C. Call the surgeon to report the patients pain.
  • D. Administer a dose of an NSAID.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the patient who has had a cervical diskectomy is experiencing severe pain with a sudden onset, which can be indicative of a complication such as bleeding, infection, or nerve impingement. The nurse's most appropriate action is to call the surgeon immediately to report the patient's pain. The surgeon needs to be informed promptly so that a further assessment can be made and appropriate interventions can be initiated to address the cause of the sudden pain. Palpating the surgical site or removing the dressing without consulting the surgeon first may worsen the situation or increase the risk of complications. Administering an NSAID is not appropriate in this situation without further evaluation and guidance from the surgeon. It is essential to prioritize patient safety and ensure that the patient receives timely and appropriate care by involving the surgeon in the decision-making process.

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A patient has just been told she needs to have an incisional biopsy of a right breast mass. During preoperative teaching, how could the nurse best assess this patient for specific educational, physical, or psychosocial needs she might have?

  • A. By encouraging her to verbalize her questions and concerns
  • B. By discussing the possible findings of the biopsy
  • C. By discussing possible treatment options if the diagnosis is cancer
  • D. By reviewing her medical history
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging the patient to verbalize her questions and concerns is the best way to assess her specific educational, physical, or psychosocial needs during preoperative teaching for an incisional biopsy of a right breast mass. This approach allows the nurse to better understand the patient's knowledge level, fears, anxieties, and any misconceptions she may have related to the procedure. By actively listening to the patient's questions and concerns, the nurse can tailor the education provided to address specific areas of importance to the patient, ensuring she receives the information and support she needs to feel prepared and comfortable before the procedure. This approach promotes open communication, trust, and patient-centered care.

The nurse is planning the care of a patient who is adapting to the use of a hearing aid for the first time. What is the most significant challenge experienced by a patient with hearing loss who is adapting to using a hearing aid for the first time?

  • A. Regulating the tone and volume
  • B. Learning to cope with amplification of background noise
  • C. Constant irritation of the external auditory canal
  • D. Challenges in keeping the hearing aid clean while minimizing exposure to moisture
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: One of the most significant challenges experienced by patients with hearing loss who are adapting to using a hearing aid for the first time is learning to cope with the amplification of background noise. When a person starts using a hearing aid after experiencing hearing loss, they may find that the device picks up not only the sounds they want to hear but also surrounding noises, such as background chatter, traffic noise, or ambient sounds. This sudden increase in volume and clarity of background noise can be overwhelming and challenging for the individual to adjust to. It can affect their ability to focus on conversations or specific sounds they are trying to hear, leading to frustration and potentially causing them to avoid using the hearing aid altogether. Supporting the patient in gradually acclimating to these new sounds and providing strategies for managing background noise can help improve their overall experience with the hearing aid.

A nurse is discussing the advantages of a nursingclinical information system. Which advantage should the nurse describe?

  • A. Varied clinical databases
  • B. Reduced errors of omission
  • C. Increased hospital costs
  • D. More time to read charts
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: One of the key advantages associated with a nursing clinical information system is the reduction of errors of omission. By using an electronic system that prompts for required data entry and ensures completeness of documentation, nurses are less likely to miss important information, leading to improved patient care and safety. This advantage helps in promoting efficient communication among healthcare providers and contributes to better decision-making processes.

A patient has presented at the clinic with symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. What diagnostic findings would suggest that this patient has chronic urinary retention?

  • A. Hypertension
  • B. Peripheral edema
  • C. Tachycardia and other dysrhythmias
  • D. Increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Chronic urinary retention can lead to an elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level due to impaired kidney function. When urine is not effectively eliminated from the body, waste products, including urea, accumulate in the bloodstream. This can result in an increase in BUN levels, indicating potential kidney dysfunction in the setting of chronic urinary retention. Hypertension (Choice A), peripheral edema (Choice B), and tachycardia and other dysrhythmias (Choice C) are not specifically associated with chronic urinary retention but may be related to other conditions or comorbidities.

The nurse is providing care for a patient who has benefited from a cochlear implant. The nurse should understand that this patients health history likely includes which of the following? Select all that apply.

  • A. The patient was diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss.
  • B. The patients hearing did not improve appreciably with the use of hearing aids.
  • C. The patient has deficits in peripheral nervous function.
  • D. The patients hearing deficit is likely accompanied by a cognitive deficit. E) The patient is unable to lip-read.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A. The patient was diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss.

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