Nokea
The nurse should include which of the following in preprocedure teaching for a patient scheduled for carotid angiography?
- A. "You will be put to sleep before the needle Is inserted."
- B. "The test will take several hours."
- C. "You may fee! a burning sensation when the dye is injected."
- D. "There will be no complications."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "You may feel a burning sensation when the dye is injected." This is important to include in preprocedure teaching for carotid angiography because it prepares the patient for a common sensation they may experience during the procedure. Providing this information helps manage expectations and reduce anxiety.
Choice A is incorrect because carotid angiography is typically done with the patient awake. Choice B is incorrect as carotid angiography usually takes around 30-60 minutes. Choice D is incorrect because there can be complications associated with carotid angiography, such as allergic reactions or damage to blood vessels.
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Which of the ff. is the best explanation of emphysema for a newly diagnosed patient?
- A. “You have inflamed bronchioles, which causes a lot of secretions.”
- B. “Your lungs have lost some of their elasticity, and air gets trapped.”
- C. “The blood supply to your lungs is damaged, so you can’t absorb oxygen.”
- D. “You have large dilated sacs of sputum in your lungs.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because emphysema is characterized by the destruction of the alveoli walls, leading to a loss of elasticity in the lungs. This results in air becoming trapped in the lungs, making it difficult to exhale properly.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Inflamed bronchioles causing secretions describe bronchitis, not emphysema.
C: Damage to the blood supply isn't a primary feature of emphysema; it's more about lung tissue destruction.
D: Large dilated sacs of sputum in the lungs is not an accurate description of emphysema; it's more related to bronchiectasis.
Which of the ff is the most severe complication among clients with allergies, regardless of type?
- A. Bronchitis
- B. Anaphylactic shock and angioneurotic
- C. Cardiac arrest edema
- D. Asthma and nasal polyps
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, anaphylactic shock and angioedema, as it is the most severe complication of allergies and can be life-threatening. Anaphylactic shock can lead to airway constriction, severe drop in blood pressure, and organ failure. Angioedema can cause swelling of the face, lips, and throat, leading to difficulty breathing. Bronchitis (A) is a respiratory condition that can occur due to allergies but is not typically life-threatening. Cardiac arrest (C) is a serious complication but not directly related to allergies. Asthma and nasal polyps (D) are common allergic conditions but are not as immediately life-threatening as anaphylactic shock.
A patient visiting with family members in the waiting area tells the nurse “I don’t feel good, especially in the stomach.” What should the nurse do?
- A. Request that the family leave, so the patient can rest.
- B. Ask the patient to return to the room, so the nurse can inspect the abdomen.
- C. Ask the patient when the last bowel movement was and to lie down on the sofa. Tell the patient that the dinner tray will be ready in 15 minutes and that may help
- D. the stomach feel better.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ask the patient to return to the room, so the nurse can inspect the abdomen.
Rationale:
1. Patient safety: By examining the patient's abdomen, the nurse can assess for any signs of distress or potential medical issues.
2. Patient-centered care: It is essential to prioritize the patient's well-being by addressing their concerns promptly and appropriately.
3. Professional responsibility: Nurses are trained to assess and evaluate patient symptoms to provide necessary care and support.
Summary:
A: Requesting the family to leave does not address the patient's symptoms and may disrupt the patient's support system.
C: Asking about bowel movements and offering food may not be appropriate if the patient is experiencing stomach discomfort.
D: Offering food without proper assessment may worsen the patient's condition and is not recommended before a proper evaluation.
An oncology nurse educator is speaking to a women’s group about breast cancer. Questions and comments from the audience reveal a misunderstanding of some aspects of the disease. Various members of the audience have made all of the following statements. Which one is accurate?
- A. Mammography is the most reliable method for detecting breast cancer.
- B. Breast cancer is the leading killer of women of childbearing age.
- C. Breast cancer requires a mastectomy.
- D. Men can develop breast cancer.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Men can develop breast cancer. This is accurate because although breast cancer is more common in women, men can also develop the disease due to the presence of breast tissue in their bodies. This is a crucial point to emphasize to raise awareness about breast cancer among men.
Incorrect choices:
A: Mammography is not the most reliable method for detecting breast cancer, as it may not detect all types of breast cancer.
B: Breast cancer is not the leading killer of women of childbearing age, as there are other leading causes of death in this age group.
C: Breast cancer does not always require a mastectomy; treatment options vary depending on the individual case.
Summary: Choice D is correct as it highlights the important fact that men can also develop breast cancer, which is often overlooked. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect due to inaccuracies or oversimplifications of the facts related to breast cancer detection, statistics, and treatment.
A patient with a history of haemophilia A arrives in the emergency department complaining of a “funny feeling” in his elbow. The patient states that he thinks he is bleeding into the joint. Which response by the nurse is correct?
- A. Palpate the patient’s elbow to assess for swelling.
- B. Notify the physician immediately and expect an order for factor VIII.
- C. Prepare the patient for an x-ray examination to determine whether bleeding is occurring.
- D. Apply heat to the patient’s elbow and wait for the physician to examine the patient.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct response is B: Notify the physician immediately and expect an order for factor VIII. In a patient with hemophilia A, which is a deficiency of clotting factor VIII, bleeding into a joint can lead to serious complications. The nurse should notify the physician promptly because the patient may need factor VIII replacement therapy to stop the bleeding and prevent further damage. This is a medical emergency requiring timely intervention.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect:
A: Palpating the elbow could exacerbate the bleeding and cause further damage.
C: Ordering an x-ray would delay the crucial factor VIII replacement therapy needed to manage the bleeding.
D: Applying heat can increase blood flow to the joint, worsening the bleeding.