Nokea
A postpartum client who experienced a prolonged labor and instrumental delivery expresses concerns about breastfeeding difficulties. What nursing intervention should be prioritized to support successful breastfeeding in this situation?
- A. Providing education on techniques to facilitate milk let-down reflex
- B. Recommending supplemental formula feedings to ensure adequate nutrition
- C. Encouraging the client to consider exclusive formula feeding instead of breastfeeding
- D. Referring the client to a lactation consultant for specialized support
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the situation described, where the client experienced a prolonged labor and instrumental delivery, there may be physical and emotional factors impacting breastfeeding success. A lactation consultant is a specialized healthcare provider who can assess the client's breastfeeding difficulties, offer individualized support, and provide guidance on techniques to overcome challenges such as latch issues, positioning problems, and milk supply concerns. Referring the client to a lactation consultant will help ensure that she receives expert assistance tailored to her specific needs, thereby increasing the likelihood of successful breastfeeding. This proactive approach focuses on addressing the root causes of breastfeeding difficulties and supporting the client in achieving her breastfeeding goals.
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systematic meta- analysis of the literature?
- A. An electronic database and doctoral dissertations
- B. An electronic database
- C. Doctoral dissertations
- D. The Cochrane Statistical Methods
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Systematic meta-analysis of the literature typically involves synthesizing research findings from multiple studies on a particular topic. The most common way to gather relevant studies for a meta-analysis is by searching through electronic databases. These databases contain a wide range of peer-reviewed literature such as research articles, reviews, and conference papers. Using electronic databases ensures a comprehensive and systematic approach to finding all relevant studies needed for a meta-analysis. While doctoral dissertations and statistical methods such as those offered by Cochrane can also be valuable sources of information, an electronic database is the primary tool used for conducting a systematic meta-analysis of the literature.
The elderly should be affforded health protection by
- A. Avoid end hazards
- B. Pollution environment
- C. Placing them in the home for the aged
- D. Regular health check ups
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Regular health check-ups play a crucial role in the prevention, early detection, and management of health issues, especially for the elderly. By ensuring that the elderly receive regular health check-ups, healthcare providers can monitor their health status, detect any potential health problems early on, and provide appropriate medical interventions. This proactive approach can help protect the elderly from developing serious health issues or complications. Additionally, regular health check-ups can also promote overall health and well-being, allowing healthcare professionals to address any existing health concerns and provide necessary treatments or recommendations to maintain the elderly's health and quality of life.
Which assessment finding would lead the nurse to suspect a postpartum hemorrhage? Blood loss of _____.
- A. less than 300 ml/24 hours
- B. more than 400 ml/24 hours
- C. less than 200 ml/2 hours
- D. more than 500 m2/24 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Postpartum hemorrhage is defined as a blood loss of more than 500 ml within the first 24 hours after vaginal delivery or more than 1000 ml following a cesarean delivery. Excessive bleeding can lead to hypovolemic shock and can be life-threatening if not promptly addressed. Therefore, a blood loss of more than 500 ml/24 hours would lead the nurse to suspect a postpartum hemorrhage and prompt further assessment and intervention.
A patient presents with chest pain that occurs during heavy lifting or physical exertion and is relieved by rest. An electrocardiogram (ECG) may show transient ST-segment depression. Which cardiovascular disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
- A. Stable angina
- B. Unstable angina
- C. Acute myocardial infarction
- D. Prinzmetal's angina
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The given patient's symptoms of chest pain that occurs during heavy lifting or physical exertion and is relieved by rest are consistent with stable angina. Stable angina is characterized by predictable chest pain that occurs with exertion and is typically relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. The transient ST-segment depression on ECG is also a common finding in patients with stable angina, which reflects myocardial ischemia during episodes of chest pain triggered by exertion. In contrast, unstable angina is characterized by chest pain at rest or with minimal exertion that is of increasing frequency, severity, or duration. Acute myocardial infarction is associated with persistent ST-segment elevation or new Q-waves on ECG, and Prinzmetal's angina is characterized by chest pain at rest due to coronary artery spasm rather than exertion.
What post operative teaching will the patient strictly follow?
- A. Reinforce that fact that airplane travel is no longer permitted.
- B. Show patient how to gently irrigate the external auditory canal.
- C. Inform physician any dizziness that develops after she is discharged.
- D. Stress that hair washing should be avoided immediately after surgery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient who had a left total hip replacement surgery due to osteoarthritis needs to strictly follow the postoperative teaching of being shown how to gently irrigate the external auditory canal because this instruction is unrelated to a hip replacement surgery. The other options are not relevant to the surgery and patient's condition. Option A about airplane travel, Option C about dizziness, and Option D about hair washing are not appropriate instructions for a patient who had a hip replacement. It is important for healthcare providers to give accurate and relevant postoperative instructions to help the patient recover successfully.