Nokea
The nurse talks to students at a high school about sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Which effective methods of preventing STIs does the nurse include in the discussion? Select all that apply.
- A. Some birth control pills prevent STIs.
- B. STIs do not transmit through oral sex.
- C. Diaphragms are a barrier against STIs.
- D. Abstinence prevents transmission of STIs.
- E. Proper condom use provides STI protection.
- F. Multiple sex partners increase the risk of STIs.
Correct Answer: D,E,F
Rationale: Effective measures to avoid STIs include abstinence, using condoms properly, and avoiding multiple partners, and the nurse should provide this factual information to the high school students. The nurse also includes information about ineffective methods of preventing STIs, including birth control pills, oral sex, and diaphragms.
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Which of the following discharge instructions about thermal injury should be given to a client with peripheral vascular disease? Select all that apply.
- A. Warm the fingers or toes by using an electric heating pad
- B. Wear warm socks or gloves when exposed to cold temperatures
- C. Check the temperature of bath water before entering
- D. Use a hot water bottle to warm feet at night
- E. Avoid crossing the legs when sitting
- F. Use a heating blanket when cold
Correct Answer: B,C,E,G
Rationale: Clients with peripheral vascular disease should wear warm clothing, check bath water temperature, avoid crossing legs to maintain circulation, and use sunscreen to protect skin. Electric heating pads, hot water bottles, and heating blankets risk burns due to impaired sensation.
The nurse is caring for a client post-cataract surgery. Which instruction should the nurse include in discharge teaching?
- A. Avoid bending at the waist
- B. Resume driving immediately
- C. Wear glasses at all times
- D. Sleep on the operative side
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding bending at the waist prevents increased intraocular pressure, which could complicate recovery post-cataract surgery.
An adult client has been admitted to the hospital with a 3-day history of uncontrolled vomiting and diarrhea. Which should the nurse assess for in this client? Select all that apply.
- A. Excitability
- B. Bradycardia
- C. Hypertension
- D. Poor skin turgor
- E. Flat peripheral veins
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: The client described in the question will most likely be dehydrated because of uncontrolled vomiting and diarrhea. The nurse assesses this client for weight loss, lethargy, or headache; sunken eyes; poor skin turgor (such as tenting); flat neck and peripheral veins; tachycardia; and low blood pressure.
The nurse is teaching a client with a new diagnosis of asthma about the use of a peak flow meter. Which of the following instructions is most important?
- A. Use the meter once a week.
- B. Record the highest of three readings.
- C. Clean the meter with soap daily.
- D. Use the meter only during an asthma attack.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Recording the highest of three readings provides an accurate measure of peak expiratory flow to monitor asthma control.
A client being treated for a comminuted fractured tibia asks the nurse to explain what a comminuted fracture means. The nurse should give which response?
- A. It means the fracture is incomplete.
- B. It means the bone is partially fractured.
- C. It means the bone fractured with splintering of the bone into fragments.
- D. It means the skin or mucous membrane was broken when the fracture occurred.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A comminuted fracture is a complete fracture across the shaft of a bone, with splintering of the bone into fragments. A simple fracture is a fracture of the bone across its entire shaft with some possible displacement but without breaking the skin. A greenstick fracture is an incomplete fracture, which occurs through part of the cross section of a bone. One side of the bone is fractured, and the other side is bent. A compound fracture, also called an open fracture, is one in which the skin or mucous membrane has been broken, and the wound extends to the depth of the fractured bone.