Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy Quizlet

Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy Quizlet Related

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The nurse teaches a pregnant woman about the presumptive, probable, and positive signs of pregnancy. The woman demonstrates understanding of the nurse's instructions if she states that a positive sign of pregnancy is:

  • A. a positive pregnancy test.
  • B. fetal movement palpated by the nurse-midwife
  • C. Braxton Hicks contractions.
  • D. quickening.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: fetal movement palpated by the nurse-midwife. This is a positive sign of pregnancy because it is a direct indication of the presence of a fetus. Fetal movements can only be felt once the baby has developed enough to be physically palpable, typically around 18-20 weeks of gestation. This sign is considered reliable and conclusive evidence of pregnancy.

A: A positive pregnancy test is a presumptive sign, as it indicates the possibility of pregnancy but is not definitive.
C: Braxton Hicks contractions are probable signs, as they are common in pregnancy but do not confirm the presence of a fetus.
D: Quickening, the mother's first perception of fetal movements, is a probable sign and does not provide definitive proof of pregnancy.

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A woman is in her seventh month of pregnancy. She has been reporting nasal congestion and occasional epistaxis. The nurse suspects that:

  • A. this is a normal respiratory change in pregnancy caused by elevated levels of estrogen
  • B. this is an abnormal cardiovascular change, and the nosebleeds are an ominous sign
  • C. the woman is a victim of domestic violence and is being hit in the face by her partner
  • D. the woman has been using cocaine intranasally
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Elevated estrogen levels during pregnancy cause capillary engorgement in the respiratory tract, leading to nasal congestion and occasional epistaxis.

The nurse admitting a 3-year-old patient with the medical diagnosis of pneumonia identifies congestion and inspiratory wheezes in both lungs. This information is considered part of which step of the nursing process?

  • A. Diagnosis
  • B. Evaluation
  • C. Assessment
  • D. Implementation
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Identifying symptoms such as congestion and wheezing is part of the assessment phase of the nursing process, where data is collected and analyzed.

Which time-based description of a stage of development in pregnancy is accurate?

  • A. Viability—22 to 37 weeks since the last menstrual period (LMP) (assuming a fetal weight >500 g).
  • B. Full Term—Pregnancy from the beginning of week 39 of gestation to the end of week 40.
  • C. Preterm—Pregnancy from 20 to 28 weeks.
  • D. Postdate—Pregnancy that extends beyond 38 weeks.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Full Term is 39 to 40 weeks of gestation.

What is the best explanation that the nurse can provide to a patient who is concerned that she has "pseudoanemia" of pregnancy?

  • A. Have her write down her concerns and tell her that you will ask the physician to
    respond once the lab results have been evaluated.
  • B. Tell her that this is a benign self-limiting condition that can be easily corrected by switching to a high-iron diet.
  • C. Inform her that because of the pregnancy, her blood volume has increased, leading
  • D. Contact the physician and get a prescription for iron pills to correct this condition.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because pseudoanemia of pregnancy is a normal physiological change where the blood volume expands more rapidly than red blood cell production, leading to a relative decrease in the concentration of red blood cells. By informing the patient that due to the pregnancy, her blood volume has increased, the nurse is addressing the underlying cause of the condition. This explanation reassures the patient that the pseudoanemia is a common occurrence during pregnancy and does not indicate a true anemia requiring treatment.

Choice A is incorrect as it does not address the patient's concerns about pseudoanemia and delays providing a clear explanation. Choice B is incorrect because pseudoanemia does not require a high-iron diet for correction. Choice D is incorrect as prescribing iron pills is unnecessary for pseudoanemia, which is a normal variant of pregnancy.

A patient in her first trimester complains of nausea and vomiting. She asks, 'Why does this happen?' The nurse's best response is:

  • A. It is due to an increase in gastric motility
  • B. It may be due to changes in hormones
  • C. It is related to an increase in glucose levels
  • D. It is caused by a decrease in gastric secretions
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nausea and vomiting are primarily caused by hormonal changes, particularly elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and progesterone levels.

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