Nokea
The nurse teaches individuals about the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at a health fair. It would be correct for the nurse to state which of the following would indicate the need for HIV testing? Select all that apply.
- A. Pregnancy
- B. Engaged in sex work
- C. Have a sexually transmitted infection
- D. The use of injection drugs
- E. Men who have sex with men (MSM)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Pregnancy, sex work, STIs, injection drug use, and MSM are all risk factors warranting HIV testing to ensure early detection and treatment.
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A nurse is educating a client recently diagnosed with hepatitis C. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Disinfect your bathroom with bleach after each use.
- B. It is important that you not prepare food for others.
- C. You may not experience any symptoms of hepatitis C.
- D. You will need to vaccinate individuals in your household.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hepatitis C is often asymptomatic, which is critical for clients to understand to ensure regular monitoring and adherence to treatment.
The nurse is caring for a client with a central venous catheter (CVC). The nurse knows which of the following is a common symptom of Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI)?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Fever and chills
- C. Productive cough
- D. Muscle spasms
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fever and chills are hallmark symptoms of CLABSI, indicating a systemic infection originating from the catheter site.
A nurse is caring for a client who is admitted to the hospital with suspected osteomyelitis. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse anticipate being ordered to aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of this condition?
- A. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
- B. Serum potassium levels
- C. Serum creatinine levels
- D. Prothrombin time (PT)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ESR is a marker of inflammation, commonly elevated in osteomyelitis, aiding in diagnosis and monitoring.
The nurse has attended a staff education program about indwelling urinary catheter-associated infections (CAUTI). Which nursing intervention is most effective in preventing a CAUTI in hospitalized clients?
- A. Implementing strict sterile technique during catheter insertion and maintenance.
- B. Using antibacterial indwelling urinary catheters for all clients requiring urinary catheterization.
- C. Limiting the duration of indwelling urinary catheter use and promptly removing them when no longer needed
- D. Administering prophylactic antibiotics to all clients with indwelling urinary catheters in place.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Limiting catheter duration is the most effective way to prevent CAUTI, as prolonged use increases infection risk.
The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students infectious diseases that are reportable to the local health department. Which of the following conditions should be reported? Select all that apply.
- A. Bacterial vaginosis
- B. Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- C. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- D. Hepatitis A
- E. Syphilis
- F. Human Papilloma Virus infection (HPV)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: HIV, Hepatitis A, and Syphilis are reportable to public health authorities due to their significant public health impact and potential for transmission.