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The nurse who organizes screenings for employees, assesses the work environment for hazards, and teaches health-promoting activities is employed in the field of:
- A. infection control.
- B. occupational health.
- C. informatics.
- D. transportation specialization.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: occupational health. Occupational health nurses focus on promoting and maintaining the health and safety of workers in various industries. They conduct screenings, assess workplace hazards, and provide education on health-related topics. Infection control (choice A) mainly involves preventing the spread of infections in healthcare settings. Informatics (choice C) involves the use of technology to manage and analyze health data. Transportation specialization (choice D) focuses on transportation-related health and safety issues. Therefore, the most appropriate choice for the described role is occupational health.
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World War I contributed to the advancement of health care by:
- A. increasing the number of private care hospitals and decreasing the role of public health services.
- B. employing a large number of civilians to provide care to returning soldiers through the Red Cross.
- C. introducing specialists in nursing such as nurse anesthetists.
- D. increasing the number of community health nurses.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because World War I led to the introduction of specialized roles in nursing, such as nurse anesthetists, to address the increasing medical needs of soldiers. This advancement in nursing specialization improved the quality of care provided during the war and paved the way for future developments in healthcare.
Choice A is incorrect because World War I actually increased the role of public health services to address the healthcare needs of the population during the war. Choice B is incorrect as the Red Cross primarily provided emergency medical care during the war, not long-term healthcare advancements. Choice D is incorrect as there is no direct evidence that World War I specifically increased the number of community health nurses.
A patient who is just beginning to use homeopathy to treat depression is concerned because symptoms are actually becoming worse with increasing sadness, anxiety, and fatigue. The practitioner of homeopathy bases teaching on the Law of Cure and instructs the patient to:
- A. discontinue the therapy and seek another alternative therapy.
- B. concentrate the preparation to increase its potency in hopes to improve depressive symptoms.
- C. increase the dosage of the substance to increase its effectiveness.
- D. remain on the current regimen since worsening is a positive sign that healing is occurring.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: The Law of Cure in homeopathy states that symptoms improve in the reverse order of their appearance.
Step 2: The worsening of symptoms initially is known as a healing crisis or aggravation.
Step 3: By remaining on the current regimen, the patient allows the body to go through the healing process.
Step 4: This indicates that the body is responding to the remedy and working towards a deeper level of healing.
Step 5: Discontinuing therapy or increasing potency/dosage may disrupt this natural healing process.
A physician has installed a computer-based patient records system. An outside care provider who requests medical information must obtain the patient's signed consent and then is assigned a password to gain access to the medical information. A monthly audit is conducted to determine for whom and for what purpose patient records have been accessed. This protection is referred to as:
- A. privacy.
- B. confidentiality.
- C. security.
- D. data capture.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: security. The scenario describes measures to protect the patient records system from unauthorized access, such as requiring consent, assigning passwords, and conducting audits. Security specifically refers to safeguarding information from unauthorized access, ensuring data integrity and availability. Privacy (A) is about controlling access to personal information, while confidentiality (B) is about keeping information private. Data capture (D) refers to the process of collecting data, not protecting it from unauthorized access. In this case, the focus is on security measures implemented to protect patient records, making it the most appropriate choice.
A nurse is assisting with the delivery of twins. The first infant is placed on the scale to be weighed. The physician requests an instrument stat. The nurse turns to hand the instrument to the physician, and the infant falls off the scale. When evaluating the incident, the nurse and her manager list contributory factors such as the need for two nurses when multiple births are known, and the location of the scale so far from the delivery field. These nurses are performing a(n):
- A. standardization of care.
- B. root cause analysis.
- C. process variation.
- D. analysis of a deployment flowchart.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: root cause analysis. Root cause analysis involves identifying the underlying causes of an incident to prevent its recurrence. In this scenario, the nurse and manager are examining factors contributing to the infant falling off the scale. They are looking beyond the immediate event to understand the systemic issues that led to the incident, such as the need for additional staff during multiple births and the placement of the scale far from the delivery field. By conducting a root cause analysis, they aim to address these underlying issues and prevent similar incidents in the future.
A: Standardization of care refers to consistent application of best practices, which is not the focus of the nurse and manager's actions in this situation.
C: Process variation involves analyzing inconsistencies in processes, which is not the primary concern in this incident.
D: Analysis of a deployment flowchart examines the flow of resources in a process, which is not directly related to identifying the root causes of the incident.
A nurse who is licensed in Georgia and moves to Oregon:
- A. must check Oregon's nurse practice act related to licensure for endorsement.
- B. will automatically be grandfathered in as a licensed registered nurse.
- C. may request certification in Oregon rather than licensure, so as not to have to retake the NCLEX-RN®.
- D. should contact the American Nurses Credentialing Center to determine whether he or she is eligible to practice in an another state.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because when a nurse moves to a new state, they must check the new state's nurse practice act related to licensure for endorsement. This is important to ensure the nurse meets all requirements and regulations for practicing in the new state. Option B is incorrect as licensure is not automatically transferred. Option C is incorrect as certification is different from licensure, and the NCLEX-RN® is typically required for licensure. Option D is incorrect as the American Nurses Credentialing Center is not responsible for determining state licensure eligibility. Checking the new state's nurse practice act is the standard procedure for obtaining licensure endorsement.