Nokea
The nurse who was not promoted then went to the utility room and slammed several cupboard doors while looking for Kleenex. This behavior exemplifies:
- A. displacement
- B. sublimation
- C. conversion
- D. reaction formation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Displacement involves redirecting emotions (anger about not being promoted) to a less threatening target (slamming doors), a common reaction to frustration.
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Two staff nurses were considered for promotion to head nurse. The promotion is announced via a memo on the unit bulletin board. The nurse who was not promoted tells a friend, 'Oh, well, I really didn't want the job anyway.' This is an example of:
- A. rationalization.
- B. denial.
- C. projection.
- D. compensation.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This is called the sour grapes form of rationalization. Rationalization is an unconscious form of self-deception in which excuses are made.
A 12-year-old male is brought to his primary care provider to determine whether sexual abuse has occurred. The mother states, 'Because there is no permanent physical damage, he does not need any more treatment.' The nurse's response should be based on which of the following pieces of information?
- A. Male victims of sexual abuse seldom have long-term psychological problems.
- B. Survivors of male sexual abuse might become confused about their sexual identity.
- C. Unless treated, all male sex abuse survivors grow up to abuse other children.
- D. All children who have been sexually abused have the same needs, regardless of gender.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Male children are sexually abused nearly as often as female children. Perpetrators are usually men but can be women. Needs of male children who have been sexually abused might be different from the needs of female survivors. Male survivors might respond in anger, question their sexuality, use alcohol and other drugs, and might try to prove their masculinity by performing daring acts.
An 8-year-old Asian child is being examined during a school screening. The nurse notices small bruises on the anterior and posterior ribs. The nurse should ask the child:
- A. If the family practices coining
- B. Who hit him
- C. If the child has fallen
- D. How long the abuse has been occurring
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coining, a cultural practice in some Asian communities, can cause bruising and should be assessed to differentiate from abuse. Other options assume abuse prematurely.
Which statement about chemotherapy is true?
- A. It is a local treatment affecting only tumor cells.
- B. It is a systemic treatment affecting both tumor and normal cells.
- C. It has not yet been proved an effective treatment for cancer.
- D. It is often the drug of choice because it causes few, if any, side effects.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 5-FU is an antineoplastic, antimetabolic drug that inhibits DNA synthesis and interferes with cell replication. It is given intravenously and acts systemically. It affects all rapidly growing cells, both malignant and normal. It is used as adjuvant therapy for treating cancer of the colon, rectum, stomach, breast, and pancreas. This drug has many side effects, including bone marrow depression, anorexia, stomatitis, nausea, and vomiting.
Support systems during the grieving process include all of the following except:
- A. a despondent friend.
- B. a nurse.
- C. a social worker.
- D. a family member.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A despondent friend, even though this could be a support to the grieving person, is in a state of despondency. Therefore, he or she might not do well with a grieving friend.