Nokea
The nurse will be giving ophthalmic drugs to a patient with glaucoma. Which drug is given intravenously to reduce intraocular pressure when other medications are not successful?
- A. Tobramycin
- B. Bacitracin
- C. Mannitol
- D. Ketorolac
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drugs used to reduce intraocular pressure include osmotic diuretics such as mannitol, which is given intravenously. Tobramycin and bacitracin are antibiotics; ketorolac has anti-inflammatory actions.
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When teaching a patient about the proper application of eyedrops, the nurse will include which instruction?
- A. Apply the drops into the conjunctival sac instead of directly onto the eye.
- B. Apply the drops directly to the eyeball (cornea) for the best effect.
- C. Blot your eye with a tissue immediately after applying the drops.
- D. Tilt your head forward before applying the eyedrops.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: All ophthalmic drugs should be administered in the conjunctival sac. Gently use a tissue to remove excess eye medication"do not blot the eye after giving the medication. Tilt the head back before giving the eyedrops.
The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient and notes an order for ophthalmic dexamethasone (Decadron) solution. The nurse knows that indications for ophthalmic dexamethasone include which conditions? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Uveitis
- B. Allergic conditions
- C. Removal of foreign bodies
- D. Ocular infections
- E. Glaucoma
- F. Conjunctival inflammation
Correct Answer: A,B,C,F
Rationale: Dexamethasone (Decadron) is used to treat inflammation of the eye, eyelids, conjunctiva, and cornea, and it may also be used in the treatment of uveitis, iridocyclitis, allergic conditions, and burns and in the removal of foreign bodies. It is not indicated for infections or glaucoma.
A patient is receiving ocular cyclosporine and also has an order for an artificial tears product. The nurse includes which instructions in the teaching plan for these medications?
- A. These two eye drugs cannot be given together. Let's check with your prescriber.
- B. You may take these two drugs together at the same time.
- C. First take the artificial tears, and then take the cyclosporine drops after 5 minutes.
- D. Take the cyclosporine drops first, and then wait 15 minutes before taking the artificial tears.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cyclosporine (Restasis) can be used together with artificial tears if the drugs are given 15 minutes apart. The other options are incorrect.
The nurse is administering antibiotic eyedrops to a patient for the first time. After the first drop is given, the patient states, 'That eyedrop is making my eye sting! Is that normal?' Which is the best response by the nurse?
- A. That is unusual. Let me rinse the medication from your eye.
- B. Sometimes these eyedrops may cause burning and stinging, but it should go away soon.
- C. These may be serious side effects, so I will notify your doctor before the next dose is due.
- D. Let's wait and see if these effects happen the next time you receive these drops.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ocular antibiotics may cause local inflammation, burning, stinging, urticaria, and dermatitis. These effects are transient. The other options are incorrect.
The nurse is administering ophthalmic drops. Choose the action that should be performed first.
- A. Close the eye gently.
- B. Apply gentle pressure to the inner canthus/lacrimal sac for 1 minute.
- C. Place drops into the conjunctival sac.
- D. Clean debris from the eye as needed.
- E. Have the patient tilt the head back and look up at the ceiling.
- F. Remove excess medication gently from around the eyes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Before applying eye medications, clean any debris from the eye, if needed, and have the patient tilt the head back and look up at the ceiling. Drops are placed into the conjunctival sac, and then the eye is closed gently. Pressure may be applied to the inner canthus/lacrimal sac for 1 minute to reduce systemic absorption, and any excess medication can then be removed from around the eyes.