Proctored Pharmacology ATI

Proctored Pharmacology ATI Related

Review Proctored Pharmacology ATI related questions and content

The nursing instructor teaches student nurses about male reproductive function and the role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The instructor evaluates learning has occurred when the students make which statement?

  • A. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) regulates sperm production
  • B. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) regulates male androgen production
  • C. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) regulates production of testosterone
  • D. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) regulates male progesterone
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), secreted by the pituitary gland, targets Sertoli cells in the testes to stimulate spermatogenesis, the process of sperm production, making it a key regulator of male fertility. Androgen production, primarily testosterone, is governed by luteinizing hormone (LH), not FSH, though both hormones collaborate in reproductive function. Testosterone synthesis occurs in Leydig cells under LH's influence, not FSH, which focuses on supporting sperm maturation rather than hormone production. Progesterone, while present in trace amounts in males, isn't regulated by FSH, as it's more relevant to female reproductive cycles. The specificity of FSH's role in spermatogenesis distinguishes it from broader hormonal regulation, ensuring students grasp its targeted action in the seminiferous tubules, critical for understanding male reproductive physiology and distinguishing it from LH's testosterone-driven effects.

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A client has a new prescription for combination oral NRTIs for the treatment of HIV. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in discharge teaching?

  • A. These medications work by inhibiting enzymes to prevent HIV replication.
  • B. These medications work by preventing protein synthesis within the HIV cell.
  • C. These medications work by weakening the cell wall of the HIV virus.
  • D. These medications work by blocking HIV entry into cells.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. NRTI antiretroviral medications inhibit the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is essential for HIV replication. By blocking this enzyme, the medications prevent the virus from replicating and spreading. This mechanism of action helps to control the progression of HIV infection in the body.

A client with Parkinson's disease is prescribed levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet). Which instruction should the nurse include?

  • A. Take this medication with a high-protein meal.'
  • B. Report dark urine immediately.'
  • C. Rise slowly to avoid dizziness.'
  • D. Stop the drug if you feel better.'
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Levodopa/carbidopa treats Parkinson's by increasing dopamine, but vasodilation risks orthostatic hypotension. Rising slowly prevents falls, a key instruction for safety. High-protein meals reduce levodopa absorption via amino acid competition, decreasing efficacy. Dark urine isn't a typical concern'harmless pigment changes occur. Stopping if feeling better risks symptom return, as it's not a cure. Rising slowly aligns with the drug's side effect profile, critical in Parkinson's where mobility is impaired, making C the essential teaching point to ensure client stability and adherence.

At what amount does Acetaminophen stop effectively controlling pain?

  • A. Over 1,000 mg
  • B. 750 mg
  • C. Over 1,500 mg
  • D. 150 mg
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Individuals who are slow acetylators (i.e. have a relatively low activity of hepatic N-acetyltransferase):

  • A. Have a prevalence of 15-20 per cent in European caucasians
  • B. Are more likely to develop thrombocytopenia, nephrotic syndrome and rash during gold treatment
  • C. Are more likely to develop hepatotoxicity following halothane anaesthesia
  • D. Are more likely to develop antinuclear antibodies during hydralazine therapy
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Slow acetylators have reduced hepatic N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) activity, affecting metabolism of drugs like hydralazine, isoniazid, and procainamide. In European Caucasians, prevalence is actually 50-60%, not 15-20%, making that statement inaccurate. Gold treatment side effects like thrombocytopenia or nephrotic syndrome aren't strongly linked to acetylation status, but rather to immune responses, so that's less relevant. Halothane hepatotoxicity relates to immune-mediated reactions or metabolites, not acetylation speed. Hydralazine, metabolized by NAT2, accumulates in slow acetylators, increasing risk of drug-induced lupus with antinuclear antibodies (ANA), a well-documented association. Agranulocytosis with clozapine isn't tied to acetylation but to idiosyncratic reactions. The ANA risk with hydralazine is the most accurate, reflecting its pharmacogenetic implications, critical for personalized dosing and monitoring.

A healthcare professional is preparing to administer morphine 4 mg IV to a client. Available is morphine 10 mg/mL. How many mL should the healthcare professional administer?

  • A. 0.2 mL
  • B. 0.4 mL
  • C. 0.6 mL
  • D. 0.8 mL
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

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