Nokea
The occupational health nurse is preparing a class regarding sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) for employees at a manufacturing plant. Which high-risk behavior information should be included in the class information?
- A. Engaging in oral or anal sex decreases the risk of getting an STD.
- B. Using a sterile needle guarantees the client will not get an STD.
- C. The more sexual partners, the greater the chance of developing an STD.
- D. If a condom is used, the client will not get a sexually transmitted disease.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Multiple sexual partners increase STD risk due to greater exposure. Oral/anal sex carries risk, sterile needles prevent bloodborne STDs but not others, and condoms reduce but don’t eliminate risk.
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If the client is asymptomatic and at low risk for breast cancer, the nurse would be correct in advising her to have a baseline mammogram at what age?
- A. 35
- B. 45
- C. 50
- D. 55
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The American Cancer Society recommends that women at average risk for breast cancer begin annual mammograms at age 45, but a baseline mammogram may be considered at age 40-50 depending on guidelines. For low-risk, asymptomatic women, age 50 is often the standard starting point for routine screening.
The office manager schedules a mandatory staff meeting for all nursing personnel. As the nurse enters the room, several documents containing the client's name, medical records number, mammogram results, and diagnosis are found unattended on the table. Which nursing actions are appropriate in this situation? Select all that apply.
- A. Notify housekeeping to come and dispose of the papers.
- B. Toss the papers in the trash.
- C. Put the papers into the shredder bin.
- D. Try to determine who left the papers unattended.
- E. State the papers neatly, placing them off to the side.
- F. Notify the office manager of the breach in confidentiality.
Correct Answer: C,F
Rationale: Shredding the papers ensures secure disposal of protected health information (PHI), and notifying the office manager addresses the confidentiality breach, as required by HIPAA regulations.
The outpatient clinic nurse is working with clients diagnosed with sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Which long-term complication should the nurse discuss with the clients about STDs?
- A. Stress the need for clients to completely finish all antibiotics prescriptions.
- B. Inform the clients that, legally, many STIs must be reported to the health department.
- C. Sexually transmitted diseases can result in reproductive problems.
- D. Discuss the myth that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is an STI.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: STDs like chlamydia and gonorrhea can cause infertility or ectopic pregnancy, a critical long-term complication. Antibiotic completion, reporting, and AIDS myths are important but not complications.
Which question is most important to ask to ensure valid analysis of the vaginal specimen?
- A. How did you last have sexual intercourse?
- B. How old were you when you had your first pregnancy?
- C. What was the date of your last menstrual period?
- D. Have you ever used oral contraceptives?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The date of the last menstrual period is critical to interpret vaginal specimen results, as the menstrual cycle phase affects cervical and vaginal cell characteristics.
The client who is scheduled to have a breast biopsy with sentinel node dissection states, 'I don't understand. What does a sentinel node biopsy do?' Which scientific rationale should the nurse use to base the response?
- A. A dye is injected into the tumor and traced to determine spread of cells.
- B. The surgeon removes the nodes that drain the diseased portion of the breast.
- C. The nodes felt manually will be removed and sent to pathology.
- D. A visual inspection of the lymph nodes will be made while the client is sleeping.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sentinel node biopsy involves injecting dye to identify the first lymph node(s) draining the tumor, assessing cancer spread. Removing all draining nodes is outdated, manual palpation is not specific, and visual inspection alone is insufficient.