Nokea
The occurrence of cerebrovascular accidents (stroke) increase with age. What is one of the risk factors that a person can change on their own to decrease the risk for stroke?
- A. Irregular heart beat
- B. Hypertension
- C. Diet high in saturated fats
- D. Diabetes
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Hypertension and a diet high in saturated fats are modifiable risk factors that individuals can address to reduce stroke risk.
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List three important measures to take while assisting a resident with bathing and hygiene in a shared bathroom at a long-term care facility. Provide a rationale for each intervention.
- A. Ensure privacy by closing curtains or doors; prevents embarrassment and maintains dignity.
- B. Check water temperature to avoid burns; older adults may have decreased sensation.
- C. Use non-slip mats to prevent falls; shared bathrooms can be slippery and hazardous.
- D. Provide a call bell for assistance; ensures safety if the resident needs help.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: These measures address privacy, safety, and accessibility, critical for resident comfort and well-being during bathing.
Which organs of the body are primarily responsible for metabolizing and eliminating medications from the body?
- A. Gastrointestinal tract and kidneys
- B. Pancreas and lungs
- C. Liver and gastrointestinal tract
- D. Liver and kidneys
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The liver metabolizes medications, and the kidneys eliminate them, making these organs primarily responsible for drug processing in the body.
Which one of the following integumentary system changes puts the patient at greatest risk for complications from bedrest?
- A. Skin becomes thin and fragile
- B. Capillaries become fragile
- C. Decreased circulation to skin and underlying tissue
- D. Tendency to bruise easily
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased circulation increases the risk of pressure ulcers during bedrest, as it impairs tissue perfusion and healing.
List several nursing responsibilities related to providing meals to residents in long-term care facilities.
- A. Ensure meals meet dietary restrictions; prevents adverse health effects.
- B. Assist with feeding if needed; ensures adequate nutrition.
- C. Monitor food intake; identifies nutritional deficiencies.
- D. Provide a pleasant dining environment; promotes appetite and social interaction.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: These responsibilities ensure nutritional needs are met while promoting resident comfort and health.
A 72-year-old patient is brought to the doctor's office by his son for a checkup. As you are helping him disrobe, you notice several bruises on his stomach. You ask him if he has fallen and he says no, he got them leaning over the sink doing dishes. Which of the following represents your next action?
- A. Suggest he pad the edge of the countertop with foam rubber.
- B. Gently suggest that it is okay to tell you that he fell-that it does not mean he will be put in a nursing home.
- C. Ask him if he is taking anticoagulants or if he has been in the hospital recently.
- D. Ask him about his relationship with his son.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bruising from minimal pressure may indicate anticoagulant use or medical issues, requiring further investigation.