Nokea
The older adult female patient is concerned about incontinence when she sneezes. What is the correct terminology for this type of incontinence?
- A. Urge incontinence
- B. Stress incontinence
- C. Overflow incontinence
- D. Functional incontinence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stress incontinence results from increased abdominal pressure, which occurs with coughing or sneezing. Urge incontinence occurs after a sudden urge to void and is associated with cystitis, tumors, stones, and CNS disorders. Overflow incontinence is associated with diabetic neuropathy and spinal cord injuries. Functional incontinence results from unwillingness or inability to get to the toilet.
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What is the most common cause of dementia?
- A. Multi infarct
- B. Medications
- C. Alzheimer's disease
- D. Parkinson disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia.
A change of aging related to the circulatory system includes decreased blood vessel elasticity. For what should the nurse assess?
- A. Confusion
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Hypertension
- D. Retained secretions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The blood vessels become less elastic because of aging and may lead to increased blood pressure.
The nurse recognizes that a term referring to mechanical difficulty of swallowing is
Correct Answer: dysphagia
Rationale: Dysphagia is a term that refers to mechanical difficulties in swallowing.
The older patient informs the nurse that food has no taste and therefore the patient has no appetite. What is this most likely caused by?
- A. Tasteless food
- B. Overuse of salt
- C. Lack of variety
- D. Loss of taste buds
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Older adults may experience a loss of appetite. Change in taste as a result of decreased saliva production and a decreased number of taste buds may make food unappealing.
At mealtime, the older adult seems to be eating less food than would be adequate. Compared to the younger adult, what is a requirement for the older adult?
- A. More fluids
- B. Less calcium
- C. Fewer calories
- D. More vitamins
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The older adult requires 30 calories per kilogram of body weight, whereas the younger adult requires 40 calories.