Nokea
The outer fibrous vascular membrane that covers the surface of a long bone is termed as
- A. Endomysium
- B. Periosteum
- C. Perimysium
- D. Endosteum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Periosteum. The periosteum is the outer fibrous vascular membrane that covers the surface of a long bone. It plays a crucial role in bone growth, repair, and nutrition. The endomysium (A) is a connective tissue sheath that surrounds individual muscle fibers, not bones. The perimysium (C) is a connective tissue sheath that surrounds bundles of muscle fibers, not bones. The endosteum (D) is a thin membrane that lines the inner surface of bones, not the outer surface. Therefore, the periosteum is the correct choice for the outer fibrous vascular membrane covering a long bone.
You may also like to solve these questions
The main structures in erectile tissue responsible for maintaining an erection are the:
- A. pacinian corpuscles
- B. peripheral nerves
- C. helicine arteries
- D. Acrosome phase
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: helicine arteries. Helicine arteries are the main structures in erectile tissue responsible for maintaining an erection. They dilate in response to signals from the nervous system, allowing increased blood flow into the penis, leading to an erection. Pacinian corpuscles (A) are sensory receptors for touch and pressure, not involved in erectile function. Peripheral nerves (B) transmit signals between the brain and the penis but are not directly responsible for maintaining an erection. Acrosome phase (D) is a term related to sperm structure and not relevant to erectile tissue function.
With respect to ejaculation which of the following statements is incorrect.
- A. ejaculation is the result of para-sympathetic stimulation
- B. ejaculation results from the summation of synaptic potentials
- C. during ejaculation semen is expelled by rapid contraction of the urethral smooth muscle
- D. ejaculation results is the discharge of sperm, seminal vesicle and prostatic secretions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because ejaculation is primarily controlled by the sympathetic nervous system, not the para-sympathetic system. The sympathetic nervous system triggers the contraction of smooth muscles to allow for ejaculation. Choice B is incorrect because ejaculation is not a result of summation of synaptic potentials, but rather a coordinated response. Choice C is incorrect because semen is expelled by rhythmic contractions of the pelvic floor muscles, not the urethral smooth muscle. Choice D is incorrect because ejaculation involves the discharge of sperm, seminal vesicle, prostatic secretions, and other fluids from the reproductive system.
The day after having a radical prostatectomy, your client has many blood clots in the urinary catheter and states he has frequent bladder spasms. You notice occasional urine leakage around the catheter at the urinary meatus. The client says that his right calf is sore and complains that he feels short of breath. Which action will you take first?
- A. Irrigate the catheter with 50 mL of sterile saline.
- B. Administer oxybutynin (Ditropan) 5 mg orally.
- C. Dorsiflex the foot to check for Homans' sign.
- D. Obtain an oxygen saturation using pulse oximetry.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Shortness of breath and calf soreness suggest a pulmonary embolism; obtaining oxygen saturation is critical.
At what point in life does a female begin her monthly ovarian cycle?
- A. At birth
- B. At puberty
- C. At middle age
- D. At menopause
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: At puberty. The monthly ovarian cycle, also known as the menstrual cycle, begins at puberty when a female's body matures and starts ovulating. This is typically around the age of 11-14. At birth (A), females already have all their eggs but do not start ovulating until puberty. Middle age (C) refers to the period around 40-65, which is not when the cycle begins. Menopause (D) is the cessation of the menstrual cycle, marking the end of reproductive years, typically around the age of 45-55.
Sella turcica is a __________ in the sphenoid bone in which
- B. Groove
- C. Projection
- D. Depression
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Depression. Sella turcica is a saddle-shaped depression in the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland. It is not a groove (B) as it is a deeper concavity. It is not a projection (C) as it is a recessed area rather than a raised structure. It is not a foramen (A) as it is a hollowed-out area rather than a small opening. Therefore, the most accurate description of sella turcica is a depression in the sphenoid bone.