Nokea
The parents of the child with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) ask the nurse why the child cannot have aspirin. The parents further explain that they have heard that aspirin is used in the elderly for arthritis and the use of the patients. The nurse correctly explains that children with JRA are given different medications than adults with arthritis and explains that the toxic effects of aspirin include which manifestations?
- A. Constipation, weight gain, and fluid retention
- B. Ringing in the ears, nausea, and vomiting
- C. Anorexia, weight loss, and double vision
- D. Headache, dry mouth, and dental cavities
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin in children can cause toxicity, including tinnitus, nausea, and vomiting, and is avoided due to the risk of Reye's syndrome, especially in children with viral infections.
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Which diet is most appropriate for an adolescent with oral lesions and a herpes simplex infection of the mouth secondary to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
- A. High-calorie, bland diet
- B. Soft, low-protein diet
- C. Low-residue, low-fat diet
- D. High-residue, low-cholesterol diet
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A high-calorie, bland diet supports nutritional needs while minimizing irritation to oral lesions, appropriate for an AIDS patient with oral herpes lesions.
A 25 years old P2 comes to emergency,after home delivery with heavy bleeding per vaginum. After evaluation and emergency resuscitation she is diagnosed as a case of uterine atony. What is the appropriate medicine in the management of this case:
- A. Oxytocin.
- B. Salbutamol.
- C. Beta blockers.
- D. Magnesium sulphate.
- E. Hydralazine.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oxytocin is the first-line treatment for uterine atony as it stimulates uterine contractions to control postpartum hemorrhage. Other options are not indicated for this condition.
Which finding documented by the nurse is most indicative of the presence of a Curling's ulcer in the burned child?
- A. Absence of bowel sounds
- B. A positive hemoccult test
- C. An elevated hematocrit
- D. A distended abdomen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A positive hemoccult test indicates gastrointestinal bleeding, characteristic of a Curling's ulcer, a stress ulcer common in burn patients due to physiological stress and reduced mucosal protection.
The nurse evaluates a preterm infant after a gavage feeding. The nurse determines that feeding intolerance has developed when which finding is noted during assessment?
- A. The infant immediately falls asleep after feeding.
- B. The gastric residual is zero prior to the next feeding.
- C. The infant’s abdominal girth has increased in size.
- D. The infant is having soft,loose stools.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased abdominal girth indicates feeding intolerance suggesting issues like paralytic ileus or NEC. Sleeping zero residual and loose stools are normal.
Organogenesis is complete at:
- A. 2 weeks after ovulation.
- B. 6 weeks after ovulation.
- C. 8 weeks after ovulation.
- D. 18 weeks after ovulation.
- E. 20 weeks after ovulation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Organogenesis the process of organ formation occurs during the embryonic period primarily between weeks 3 to 8 after ovulation (or 5 to 10 weeks gestational age). By 8 weeks post-ovulation major organ systems are formed making this the correct answer. Earlier or later weeks do not align with this developmental milestone.