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Health Care's Numbers Game
The game of health care is a risky one. Today emergency rooms are acting as primary care physicians for thousands of patients. This trend produces a vicious cycle of hospitals raising emergency room costs and passing that increase along to paying patients, who in turn pass it along to insurance companies, who in turn raise rates so even more people cannot afford the premium or the co-payment.
For years, indigent people have used emergency rooms for very minor illnesses rather than seeing an outside doctor, but now emergency rooms are seeing people with insurance, but who cannot afford the co-payment or the deductible for the office visit. If we don't change the way the healthcare game is played, we're all going to lose.
The passage implies that
- A. There is a crisis in numbers management in the healthcare industry.
- B. Primary care physicians should work out of emergency rooms.
- C. Indigent people should not be allowed into emergency rooms.
- D. Insurance companies are getting rich.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The passage discusses the reliance on emergency rooms for primary care, leading to a vicious cycle of rising costs that are passed on to patients and insurance companies. It highlights the financial burden faced by patients who cannot afford co-payments or deductibles, and the subsequent increase in insurance rates. Therefore, the implication is that there is a crisis in numbers management in the healthcare industry, indicating a systemic issue that needs to be addressed to prevent further negative consequences.
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Over the last few decades, medical experts have changed their thinking on the health effects of some common foods and beverages. Higher-fat foods and some alcoholic beverages like red wine and beer, once viewed as top threats to a healthy lifestyle, are now seen by many as less harmful and even as having some health benefits. But there is perhaps no topic that the medical community has reversed its
thinking on more often than coffee. Since long before the advent of modern medicine, public opinion regarding the health effects of coffee has been diverse and ever-changing. Opinion on coffee's health effects can be traced back several centuries. In the 1600s, doctors in England touted coffee as a cure for alcoholism, but some women complained that coffee was making their husbands impotent. They may have been correct, as caffeine is a
diuretic and can irritate the prostate (dehydration and prostatitis can both lead to erectile dysfunction). In the late 1700s, coffeehouses began opening all over colonial America, where coffee was seen as a healthy stimulant that helped the colonists work longer hours. But by the early 1900s, public concern grew as coffee consumption was blamed for a variety of common ailments, such as nervousness, indigestion, and insomnia. In the 1970s, medical journals published studies that linked coffee consumption with high blood pressure and an increased risk of heart attacks. In 2001, a meta-study indicated that coffee was responsible for a 20% increase in risk for urinary tract cancer. But starting in 2007, to the surprise of many, meta-studies began to show positive health effects of coffee consumption. A 2007 study showed that coffee was viewed by many as "practically a health food." However, CNN also warned that given the long history of flip-flops on the health effects of coffee, medical and public opinion on coffee could easily turn negative again.
Based on the passage, which statement is supported?
- A. Recent studies indicate that coffee consumption increases the risk of liver cancer.
- B. There is some scientific evidence that drinking coffee reduces indigestion.
- C. Published studies have found that drinking coffee may increase the risk of heart attack.
- D. There is no reported evidence of any link between coffee consumption and stroke.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The passage discusses various historical shifts in the perception of coffee's health effects. While it mentions studies linking coffee consumption to high blood pressure and an increased risk of heart attacks in the 1970s, there is no mention of any reported evidence linking coffee consumption to stroke. Therefore, the statement that there is no reported evidence of any link between coffee consumption and stroke is supported by the passage.
The Electoral College: The Electoral College has nothing to do with college and contains no students. The Electoral College consists of votes that each state acquires based on the number of representatives it has in Congress.
Each state has two electoral votes because each state has two senators. The remaining electoral votes are determined by the number of Congressmen, the number of which is based on the population of the state established by the Census taken each decade.
During the presidential election, most states cast all their electoral votes for the candidate who wins the popular vote in that particular state. It’s all very confusing, but the founding fathers knew what they were doing. By having and using the Electoral College, candidates campaign in every state, but just because they win the popular vote across the country
doesn’t mean they will always win the election. Case in point, in election 2000, Al Gore won
the popular vote across the country, but George W. Bush won more electoral votes. Therefore he became our 43rd president.
In the passage, the word 'cast' means to
- A. throw.
- B. turn and send in a particular direction.
- C. select actors for a play.
- D. give one's vote.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: give one's vote. In the context of the passage, the word 'cast' is used to refer to the action of states giving their electoral votes to a candidate based on the popular vote. This interpretation aligns with the electoral process described in the passage, where states allocate their electoral votes to the winning candidate.
Choice A (throw) is incorrect because 'cast' in this context does not imply physically throwing something. Choice B (turn and send in a particular direction) is incorrect as it does not capture the voting action described in the passage. Choice C (select actors for a play) is incorrect as it does not relate to the electoral process or voting.
Therefore, the most appropriate interpretation of 'cast' in this passage is to give one's vote, making option D the correct answer.
Mr. Rogers' Biography
"It's a wonderful day in the neighborhood!" This familiar line always began the Mister Rogers' Neighborhood program on PBS. The amazing Fred Rogers brought a special message to children around the world. He believed that each person is unique and wonderful in his or her own way and we should accept others just the way they are without trying to change or improve them. Mr. Rogers spread his tolerance message far and wide through the daily broadcasts of his television show, his many books, and finally after his retirement through his website specifically designed for children. Through these venues, Mr. Rogers helped children deal with the real world things that bothered them, such as doctor visits, haircuts, and new siblings.
Fred Rogers left a legacy of kindness, acceptance, and an unending love of learning for all generations
Which statement is a fact and not an opinion?
- A. Mr. Rogers started a website for children in his retirement.
- B. Mr. Rogers was considered a top television host for children.
- C. Mr. Rogers' show was recognized as an influential educational program.
- D. Mr. Rogers was widely admired by children and parents alike.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it is a verifiable fact that Mr. Rogers started a website for children after his retirement. This information can be confirmed through various sources. In contrast, choices B, C, and D involve subjective opinions or evaluations that may vary depending on individual perspectives and cannot be definitively proven as universally true or false. It is important to distinguish between factual statements, which can be objectively verified, and opinion statements, which are based on personal beliefs or judgments.
Eating
Consumption of food is a universal necessity. Different
cultures have developed different methods to accomplish
the task. It is interesting to discover these differences and
learn new ways to do things.
European cultures developed cutlery (knives, forks, and
spoons) to enable people to efficiently eat their food.
Correct use of this toolÄ€™s changes with the times-what was
polite in 1800 may not be considered proper manners
today.
China developed the chopstick as an efficient tool for
eating. Mastery of the use of chopsticks can be difficult
for the person not raised in the culture. The attempts of a
novice to use chopsticks can be very amusing to the
watcher, but frustrating for the hungry diner.
Space travel has created new challenges for consuming
food. Squeeze bottles and other unique packaging have
enabled space travelers to get their needed nutrition.
Chopsticks and forks do not work well in space.
What statement can be implied from the content of the article?
- A. Diversity is interesting to learn about.
- B. Eating in space can be time-consuming.
- C. The author thinks cutlery is the best tool to use to consume food.
- D. The author enjoys trying new food.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'Diversity is interesting to learn about.' The passage discusses how different cultures have developed various tools for eating, such as cutlery in European cultures and chopsticks in China. It highlights the differences in eating practices and how space travel has introduced new challenges for consuming food. The passage's focus on cultural diversity and unique eating tools makes it clear that the implication is about the interest in learning about diverse eating practices, making choice A the most suitable answer.
Have you ever found yourself staring at the ceiling at 2:00 a.m.? Have you kicked the blankets off to the floor from tossing and turning? Many longtime suffers of Insomnia know these situations all too well. As many as 17% of Americans find the restful break of sleep hard to achieve.
Lack of sleep affects intellectual abilities at work or school by causing a deficit in memory, attention, and concentration which in turn creates a feeling of irritation or depression. Chronic insomnia can result from a medical illness, a psychiatric condition, or from sleep apnea, a condition where an individual actually stops breathing during sleep. Sleep hygiene, developing good sleep habits, and non- pharmacological therapies such as herbs and spices are some solutions to Insomnia.
What is stated in the passage?
- A. Physical illness can cause insomnia.
- B. Exercise improves sleep quality.
- C. Healthy diet prevents sleep disorders.
- D. Insomnia is always caused by stress.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct statement found in the passage is that physical illness can cause insomnia. The passage mentions that chronic insomnia can result from a medical illness, a psychiatric condition, or from sleep apnea, a condition where an individual stops breathing during sleep. This indicates a direct link between physical health issues and the development of insomnia. While exercise, healthy diet, and stress can also impact sleep quality, the passage emphasizes the connection between physical illnesses and insomnia.