Nokea
The patient is scheduled for a transurethral resection of the prostate. During preoperative teaching, which aspect will the nurse emphasize about what the patient can expect after the procedure?
- A. Red drainage from the catheter
- B. Limited intake of fluids
- C. A sodium-restricted diet
- D. Incisional drainage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient and family need to know that hematuria is expected after prostatic surgery.
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A patient has nephrotic syndrome. Which statement made by the patient indicates understanding of the necessary diet modifications?
- A. I will need to increase protein and decrease sodium intake.'
- B. I will need to drink more milk to get my calcium.'
- C. Carbohydrate restriction will be difficult.'
- D. Potassium restriction won't be hard since I don't like fruit.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Medical management for nephrotic syndrome depends on the extent of tissue involvement and may include the use of corticosteroids and a low-sodium, high-protein diet.
It is 2 days after a 42-year-old male patient's urinary diversion surgery. He continues to be critical of the hospital and the nursing care, even though the staff has spent time explaining the care to him. Which explanation is most likely for his behavior?
- A. He is angry about hospital policy.
- B. He is feeling neglected by the nursing staff.
- C. He is in denial of the effects of the surgery.
- D. He is reacting to the loss of self-esteem and altered body image.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Persons with altered body image may react to the loss of self-esteem by behaving in a critical or derogatory manner.
Why is a urinary disorder common in older adults?
- A. Older adults have weakened musculature in the bladder and urethra.
- B. Older adults have urinary stasis.
- C. Older adults have increased bladder capacity.
- D. Older adults have diminished neurologic sensation.
- E. The effects of medications such as diuretics that many older adults take.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Urinary frequency, urgency, nocturia, retention, and incontinence are common with aging. These occur because of weakened musculature in the bladder and urethra, diminished neurologic sensation combined with decreased bladder capacity, and the effects of medications such as diuretics. Older women are at risk for stress incontinence because of hormonal changes and weakened pelvic musculature. Inadequate fluid intake (less than 1000 to 2000 mL per 24 hours) can lead to urinary stasis. Older adults do not usually experience increased bladder capacity.
A home health patient with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) verbalizes feeling helplessness related to this life-altering disease. Which nursing intervention would be most helpful?
- A. Ensure restricted protein intake to prevent nitrogenous product accumulation.
- B. Include the patient in making the plan of care.
- C. Counsel patient about end-of-life provisions.
- D. Write out a detailed schedule of health care provider's appointments.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Listen to the patient and allow time for discussion about concerns and the plan of care to return some sense of control. End-of-life discussions are premature and will not benefit the patient who is experiencing helplessness.
The nurse reassures the patient recovering from acute glomerulonephritis that after all other signs and symptoms of the disease subside, which change in the urine is normal?
- A. proteinuria.
- B. oliguria.
- C. hematuria.
- D. anasarca.
- E. oliguria.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Proteinuria and hematuria may exist microscopically even when other symptoms subside.