Nokea
The physician has ordered Pentam (pentamidine) IV for a client with pneumocystis carinii. While receiving the medication, the nurse should carefully monitor the client's:
- A. Blood pressure
- B. Temperature
- C. Heart rate
- D. Respirations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pentamidine can cause hypotension, so blood pressure monitoring is critical during administration.
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Which of the following would be considered a sensible type of fluid loss?
- A. sweat
- B. respiratory excretions
- C. vomit
- D. water loss in feces
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sensible fluid loss is measurable, such as sweat or urine. Respiratory excretions, vomit, and fecal water loss are insensible (not easily measured).
The nurse is assessing a client with a history of heart failure who is receiving furosemide (Lasix). Which of the following findings would indicate a need to withhold the medication?
- A. Potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L.
- B. Blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg.
- C. Heart rate of 80 beats per minute.
- D. Urine output of 50 mL/hour.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: hypokalemia is a side effect of furosemide; a potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L is low and requires intervention before administering the medication
The diagnostic work-up of a client hospitalized with complaints of progressive weakness and fatigue confirm a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. The medication used to treat myasthenia gravis is:
- A. Prostigmine (neostigmine)
- B. Atropine (atropine sulfate)
- C. Didronel (etidronate)
- D. Tensilon (edrophonium)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neostigmine (Prostigmine) is a cholinesterase inhibitor used to improve muscle strength in myasthenia gravis.
The client with a myocardial infarction comes to the nurse's station stating that he is ready to go home because there is nothing wrong with him. Which defense mechanism is the client using?
- A. Rationalization
- B. Denial
- C. Projection
- D. Conversion reaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Denial involves refusing to acknowledge a serious condition.
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, order the following needs from most basic to most advanced (bottom of the pyramid to the top):
- A. safety and security
- B. esteem
- C. physiological
- D. love and belonging
- E. self-actualization
Correct Answer: C,A,D,B,E
Rationale: Maslow’s hierarchy: physiological (most basic), safety and security, love and belonging, esteem, self-actualization (most advanced).