Nokea
The primary health care provider has prescribed dexamethasone sodium phosphate for a client being treated for immunologic skin disorder. Assessment of which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect that the client is experiencing an adverse reaction to the drug?
- A. Redness or mild scaling
- B. Allergic contact dermatitis
- C. Dermatitis and irritation
- D. Photosensitivity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should monitor for allergic contact dermatitis as an adverse reaction to dexamethasone sodium phosphate. Redness or mild scaling and photosensitivity are adverse reactions to hexachlorophene. Dermatitis and irritation are adverse reactions to povidone-iodine.
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A nursing instructor is evaluating the students' understanding of topical anti-infectives. The instructor determines that the group understands the information when they pair which drug with the infection treated correctly? Select all that apply.
- A. Erythromycin (Erygel) - acne vulgaris
- B. Ketoconazole (Nizoral) - episodes of HSV
- C. Ciclopirox (Loprox) - tinea pedis
- D. Acyclovir (Zovirax) - episodes of HSV
- E. Bacitracin (Baci-Rx) - tinea corporis
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: The following topical anti-infective drugs are matched correctly with the infection they treat: erythromycin (Erygel) - acne vulgaris; ciclopirox (Loprox) - tinea pedis; and acyclovir (Zovirax) - episodes of HSV.
A nurse is providing care to two clients, one with a Staphylococcus aureus skin infection and another with a Streptococcus pyogenes infection. Which of the following would the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe? Select all that apply.
- A. Mupirocin (Bactroban)
- B. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
- C. Ketoconazole (Nizoral)
- D. Metronidazole (Metro-Gel)
- E. Retapamulin (Altabax)
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Mupirocin (Bactroban) and retapamulin (Altabax) are topical anti-infectives that can be used to treat Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes infections of the skin.
A client is prescribed topical clindamycin therapy. The nurse instructs the client and family about possible systemic effects. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when they state that they should contact the primary health care provider immediately if which of the following occur? Select all that apply.
- A. Stomach cramps
- B. Severe diarrhea
- C. Bloody stools
- D. Burning
- E. Pruritus
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Topical clindamycin can be absorbed in sufficient amounts to cause systemic effects. Severe diarrhea, stomach cramps, or bloody stools indicate potential systemic complications, such as pseudomembranous colitis, requiring immediate medical attention.
A nurse may use a topical antiseptic or germicide for which of the following reasons? Select all that apply.
- A. To reduce the number of bacteria on skin surfaces
- B. As a surgical scrub
- C. As a preoperative skin cleanser
- D. For washing the hands before and after caring for clients
- E. On minor cuts and abrasions to prevent infection
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: A nurse may use a topical antiseptic or germicide for the following reasons: to reduce the number of bacteria on skin surfaces, as a surgical scrub, as a preoperative skin cleanser, for washing the hands before and after caring for clients, and on minor cuts and abrasions to prevent infection.
A client is prescribed a topical corticosteroid. The nurse understands that this drug would be contraindicated in which of the following circumstances? Select all that apply.
- A. Monotherapy for bacterial skin infections
- B. Ophthalmic use
- C. Otic use
- D. Monotherapy for widespread plaque psoriasis
- E. Low-potency corticosteroids on the face, groin, or axilla
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The use of topical corticosteroids is contraindicated in the following circumstances: known hypersensitivity to the drug or any component of the drug; as monotherapy for bacterial skin infections; high-potency corticosteroids for use on the face, groin, or axilla; for ophthalmic use; and as monotherapy in widespread plaque psoriasis.