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The primary purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935 was to:
- A. increase research that focused on minority groups.
- B. provide medical care for chemically impaired persons.
- C. ensure health care for older adults through a national insurance system.
- D. decrease the public's financial burden by limiting services offered by local health departments.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: ensure health care for older adults through a national insurance system. The Social Security Act of 1935 established social insurance programs to provide financial support for retired and elderly individuals. This was done through the implementation of Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance. The Act aimed to address the economic insecurity faced by older adults and their families by providing a safety net through a national insurance system.
Incorrect answers:
A: Increasing research on minority groups was not the primary purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935.
B: Providing medical care for chemically impaired persons was not the primary focus of the Act.
D: Decreasing the public's financial burden by limiting services offered by local health departments was not the primary goal of the Act.
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If a nurse applies Nightingale's theory to current practice, the nurse's first step will be to evaluate the hospital room's air quality and, second, to:
- A. make certain that the volume of the television is not too loud.
- B. consult the dietitian to check that essential nutrients are added to meet requirements noted on MyPyramid.
- C. ask the client's family to bring family photographs and bright-colored throws for the bed.
- D. arrange for the client to go outside, weather permitting, while keeping the room's window blinds open.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because Nightingale's theory emphasizes the importance of a clean and well-ventilated environment for patient healing. By arranging for the client to go outside and keeping the room's window blinds open, the nurse is ensuring proper ventilation and exposure to natural light, which can promote healing. This step aligns with Nightingale's focus on the physical environment's impact on health outcomes.
A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly address the fundamental principle of Nightingale's theory related to environmental factors. Checking the TV volume, consulting a dietitian, or bringing personal items like family photographs do not directly contribute to creating a healing environment based on Nightingale's theory.
A group of nurses are assembling outside a hospital protesting the use of foreign nurses after several nurses were terminated due to what the hospital called recurring "decreased census." The nurses carry signs with messages asking potential patients to seek care elsewhere. The local newspaper picked up the story, and the hospital is receiving negative press. The nurses are participating in:
- A. picketing.
- B. collective bargaining.
- C. a strike.
- D. arbitration.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: picketing. Picketing involves protesting outside a workplace to draw attention to an issue, such as the use of foreign nurses in this case. The nurses are not actively refusing to work (strike), negotiating work conditions (collective bargaining), or submitting their dispute to a third party for resolution (arbitration). Picketing is the most appropriate term for their actions in this scenario.
A nurse is submitting a grant application to improve access to health care and mortality for minority groups. The grant focuses on the six causes of death that are identified as priorities for minorities, which include:
- A. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
- B. malnutrition.
- C. cirrhosis of the liver.
- D. cancer.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This is because COPD is a leading cause of death among minority groups due to factors like smoking, pollution exposure, and healthcare disparities. This aligns with the grant's goal of improving health outcomes for minorities. Malnutrition (B) is not a top cause of death for minorities. Cirrhosis of the liver (C) is more common in certain populations but not a top priority for this grant. Cancer (D) is a significant concern, but COPD is more prevalent among minority groups.
According to the Palliative Performance Scale which patient is considered to possess 70% of normal function?
- A. 40 year old diagnosed with AIDS whose condition makes it impossible to hold a job.
- B. 70 year old diagnosed with end stage renal failure who spends most of the day in bed.
- C. 50 year old diagnosed with emphysema whose disease has begun to impact normal ambulate.
- D. 30 year old diagnosed with muscular dystrophy who is bed bound.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the Palliative Performance Scale assesses functional status in palliative care. A patient with 70% normal function would have a score of 70 on the scale, indicating that they are still able to ambulate but with limitations due to their illness. Choice A is incorrect because inability to hold a job does not directly correlate with functional status. Choice B is incorrect as spending most of the day in bed suggests a lower level of functioning. Choice D is incorrect as being bed bound indicates a more severe impairment in function compared to a patient who can still ambulate with limitations.
A person interested in employment in the health care sector has less than 1 year to pursue his or her education and wants to focus on functional aspects of patient care. He/she desires to work in a long-term facility. Which type of nursing program should this person request information about?
- A. Bachelor's degree in nursing (BSN)
- B. Licensed practical nurse (LPN)
- C. Associate degree in nursing
- D. Master's degree in nursing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. An associate degree in nursing (ADN) is a 2-year program, making it suitable for someone with less than 1 year to pursue education.
2. ADN programs focus on the functional aspects of patient care, aligning with the person's interest.
3. Working in a long-term care facility typically does not require a BSN or MSN.
4. LPN programs are shorter but have a different scope of practice than what the person desires.