Nokea
The process of creating female ________.
- A. areola
- B. spermatogenesis
- C. lactiferous sinus
- D. oogenesis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: oogenesis. Oogenesis is the process of creating female gametes (eggs) through cell division in the ovaries. This process involves several stages including mitosis, meiosis, and maturation. Spermatogenesis (B) is the process of creating male gametes (sperm) in the testes. The areola (A) is the pigmented area around the nipple, not a reproductive process. The lactiferous sinus (C) is a structure within the breast involved in milk storage, not the process of creating female gametes.
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The nurse monitors a client who has gone through an endoscopic examination. Following a culdoscopy, what does a nurse need to observe for in this client?
- A. The nurse observes the client for any discomfort in the shoulders.
- B. The nurse observes the client for the signs of internal bleeding and the symptoms of shock.
- C. The nurse observes the client for changes in skin color and for any rise in body temperature.
- D. The nurse observes the quantity and frequency of urinary output.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Discomfort in the shoulders is a common side effect after culdoscopy due to gas insufflation.
Which ligament holds the uterus in
- A. 8 place, laterally?
- B. 25
- C. round ligament
- D. 100
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: round ligament. The round ligament holds the uterus in place laterally. It is a band of tissue that connects the uterus to the groin region. This ligament provides support and stability to the uterus during movements and changes in position.
Choice A (8 place, laterally) and Choice D (100) are nonsensical and do not correspond to any anatomical structure or location.
Choice B (25) is also incorrect as it does not exist as a ligament involved in supporting the uterus.
In summary, the round ligament is the correct choice as it is the specific ligament responsible for holding the uterus in place laterally, providing essential support and stability.
Twins resulting from the fertilization of separate ova by separate sperm cell are called:
- A. Paternal twins
- B. Maternal twins
- C. Fraternal twins
- D. Identical twins
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fraternal twins. Fraternal twins result from the fertilization of separate ova by separate sperm cells, leading to siblings who share 50% of their genetic material. This is different from identical twins (choice D), which result from the fertilization of a single egg by a single sperm cell, leading to siblings who share 100% of their genetic material. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the process of fraternal twinning. Paternal twins (choice A) and maternal twins (choice B) are not commonly used terms in genetics to describe types of twinning.
A 29 year old married computer programmer is c/o 'something strange' going on in his scrotum. Last month he felt a lump in his left testis, and it is still there. He has had some aching in the left testis but denies pain with urination or intercourse. Denies fever, malaise, night sweats. His PMH consisted of groin surgery as a baby and a tonsillectomy as an adolescent. He eats a healthy diet, exercises, denies tobacco or drugs. On exam the penis is circumcised with no lesions. No lymphadenopathy. Palpation of his scrotum is unremarkable on the right but indicates a large mass on the left. Placing a finger through the inguinal ring on the right, you have the patient bear down. Nothing is felt. You attempt to place your finger through the left inguinal ring but cannot get above the mass. On rectal exam, his prostate is unremarkable. What disorder of the tests is most likely the diagnosis?
- A. Hydrocele
- B. Scrotal hernia
- C. Scrotal edema
- D. Varicocele
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Scrotal hernia. The patient's presentation with a lump in the left testis, aching, and a large mass on the left side of the scrotum, along with the inability to pass a finger above the mass through the left inguinal ring, suggests a scrotal hernia. This is further supported by the fact that bearing down does not reveal anything on the right side, ruling out hydrocele and varicocele. Scrotal edema would present with more generalized swelling in the scrotum rather than a localized mass. So, the key findings here point towards a scrotal hernia as the most likely diagnosis.
Which diagnostic study is recommended for high-risk clients in addition to mammography?
- A. Breast biopsy
- B. MRI
- C. Ultrasound
- D. CT scan
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: MRI is often recommended for high-risk clients as an additional diagnostic tool.