Nokea
The process to control cellular growth, replication, and differentiation to maintain homeostasis is called:
- A. cellular regulation
- B. cellular impairment
- C. cellular reproduction
- D. cellular tumor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cellular regulation is the term used to describe both the positive and negative aspects of cellular function, ensuring proper growth, replication, and differentiation.
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Hypokalemia can occur in patients with prolonged diarrhea and is caused by a decrease in:
- A. calcium
- B. magnesium
- C. potassium
- D. sodium
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypokalemia occurs when there is a decrease in serum potassium, often due to prolonged diarrhea, which can lead to life-threatening rhythm abnormalities.
The nurse would expect a patient with respiratory acidosis to have an excessive amount of
- A. Hydrogen ion
- B. Bicarbonate
- C. Oxygen
- D. Phosphate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis occurs when the arterial blood pH level falls below 7.35 and is caused by an accumulation of hydrogen ions due to impaired carbon dioxide elimination.
The inability to pass stool is known as
- A. constipation
- B. obstipation
- C. diarrhea
- D. incontinence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obstipation is the severe inability to pass stool, often more extreme than constipation, which involves hard, dry, and difficult-to-pass stool.
The minimum hourly urinary output in a patient should be at least:
- A. 5 mL per hour
- B. 10 mL per hour
- C. 30 mL per hour
- D. 60 mL per hour
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 30 mL per hour is the minimum hourly urinary output in a normal healthy adult, indicating adequate kidney function and fluid balance.
A major serum protein that is below normal in patients who have inadequate nutrition is:
- A. Albumin
- B. Globulin
- C. Fibrinogen
- D. Transferrin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Albumin is a major serum protein, and low levels are indicative of inadequate nutrition, as it is synthesized by the liver and requires adequate protein intake.