Nokea
Immunity which occurs when antibodies are passed from the mother to the fetus through the placenta or through breast milk is called:
- A. natural passive
- B. artificial active
- C. natural active
- D. artificial passive
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Natural passive immunity occurs when antibodies are transferred from the mother to the fetus via the placenta or breast milk, providing temporary protection.
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The inability to pass stool is known as
- A. constipation
- B. obstipation
- C. diarrhea
- D. incontinence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obstipation is the severe inability to pass stool, often more extreme than constipation, which involves hard, dry, and difficult-to-pass stool.
The best way for an individual to maintain acid-base balance is to
- A. avoid or quit smoking
- B. avoid or quit smoking
- C. quit smoking and quit smoking
- D. quit smoking and quit smoking
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including quitting smoking, regular exercise, and a healthy diet, helps prevent conditions like COPD and type-2 diabetes, which can disrupt acid-base balance.
Specialized cells that circulate in the body to promote clotting are called:
- A. anticoagulants
- B. platelets
- C. embols
- D. platelets
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Platelets are specialized cells that promote clotting by forming a protein-based clot to prevent excessive bleeding. The option 'embols' is likely a typo for emboli, which are not cells.
The most common causes of decreased comfort for a patient are pain and
- A. light-headedness
- B. nausea
- C. emotional stress
- D. depression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain and emotional stress are the two leading causes of discomfort for a patient, particularly in situations like surgery, where anxiety can exacerbate discomfort.
The best indicator of fluid volume changes in the body is:
- A. Skin dryness
- B. weight changes
- C. Blood pressure
- D. pulse rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Changes in weight are the best indicator of fluid volume changes in the body, as they directly reflect fluid gain or loss.