Nokea
The minimum hourly urinary output in a patient should be at least:
- A. 5 mL per hour
- B. 10 mL per hour
- C. 30 mL per hour
- D. 60 mL per hour
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 30 mL per hour is the minimum hourly urinary output in a normal healthy adult, indicating adequate kidney function and fluid balance.
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The process to control cellular growth, replication, and differentiation to maintain homeostasis is called:
- A. cellular regulation
- B. cellular impairment
- C. cellular reproduction
- D. cellular tumor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cellular regulation is the term used to describe both the positive and negative aspects of cellular function, ensuring proper growth, replication, and differentiation.
The nurse would expect a patient with respiratory acidosis to have an excessive amount of
- A. Hydrogen ion
- B. Bicarbonate
- C. Oxygen
- D. Phosphate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis occurs when the arterial blood pH level falls below 7.35 and is caused by an accumulation of hydrogen ions due to impaired carbon dioxide elimination.
The inability to pass stool is known as
- A. constipation
- B. obstipation
- C. diarrhea
- D. incontinence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obstipation is the severe inability to pass stool, often more extreme than constipation, which involves hard, dry, and difficult-to-pass stool.
Specialized cells that circulate in the body to promote clotting are called:
- A. anticoagulants
- B. platelets
- C. embols
- D. platelets
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Platelets are specialized cells that promote clotting by forming a protein-based clot to prevent excessive bleeding. The option 'embols' is likely a typo for emboli, which are not cells.
The best way for an individual to maintain acid-base balance is to
- A. avoid or quit smoking
- B. avoid or quit smoking
- C. quit smoking and quit smoking
- D. quit smoking and quit smoking
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including quitting smoking, regular exercise, and a healthy diet, helps prevent conditions like COPD and type-2 diabetes, which can disrupt acid-base balance.