Nokea
The production of incoherent, jumbled speech is known as
- A. Nonfluent aphasia
- B. Disruptive aphasia
- C. Fluent aphasia
- D. Anomic aphasia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fluent aphasia, also known as Wernicke's aphasia, is characterized by the production of speech that is grammatically correct but often nonsensical or incoherent. Individuals with this condition may speak in long, complex sentences that lack meaning or include made-up words. This occurs due to damage in Wernicke's area, a region in the brain responsible for language comprehension and the formation of meaningful speech.
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A client with multiple sclerosis is prescribed diazepam (Valium). What assessment finding indicates that the medication is effective for the client?
- A. Muscle spasticity is reduced
- B. Blood glucose level is within normal limits
- C. The client states that muscles are weak
- D. Ophthalmologic examination shows no evidence of cataracts
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diazepam is a muscle relaxant used to reduce spasticity in MS. Its effectiveness is measured by the reduction in muscle stiffness and spasms.
Mr. Singer has been placed on a regimen of bed rest and is scheduled for a hip replacement because of severe rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following would be most important to include in the nursing care plan preoperatively?
- A. Adequate periods of rest
- B. Active and passive range-of-motion exercises
- C. Maintenance of adequate fluid and food
- D. Frequent turning and repositioning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Range-of-motion exercises help maintain joint function and reduce stiffness.
What happens at the synapse?
- A. The synapse physically joins two neurons.
- B. The nerve impulse is transmitted only from one neuron to another neuron.
- C. The presynaptic terminal submits a nerve impulse through the synaptic cleft to the receptor site on the postsynaptic cell.
- D. When a presynaptic cell releases excitatory neurotransmitters, the postsynaptic cell depolarizes enough to generate an action potential.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The synaptic transmission involves the presynaptic terminal sending impulses across the synaptic cleft.
Following a knee arthroplasty, a patient has a continuous passive motion machine for the affected joint. The nurse explains to the patient that this device is used for what purpose?
- A. To relieve edema and pain at the incision site
- B. To promote early joint mobility and increase knee flexion
- C. To prevent venous stasis and the formation of a deep venous thrombosis
- D. To improve arterial circulation to the affected extremity to promote healing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Continuous passive motion enhances joint mobility.
Which one of the following is the correct sequence of events that follows a threshold potential: 1. the membrane becomes depolarized 2. sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward 3. the membrane becomes repolarized 4. potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward while sodium is actively transported out of the cell
- A. 3,2,4,1
- B. 2,1,4,3
- C. 2,1,3,4
- D. 1,2,4,3
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct sequence is: sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward (2), the membrane becomes depolarized (1), potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward while sodium is actively transported out of the cell (4), and the membrane becomes repolarized (3). Thus, B is the correct answer.