Nokea
The psychosexual stage associated with toilet training is
- A. Oral
- B. Anal
- C. Phallic
- D. Genital
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anal stage (1-3 years, Freud) involves control over bodily functions.
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The nurse is managing the care of an older adult who has recently immigrated to the United States from an Asian country. The client is depressed and is neither sleeping nor eating well. In order to best facilitate the client's care in a culturally competent manner, the nurse:
- A. Encourages the client's adult children to visit as often as possible especially around meals and bedtime.
- B. Assesses the client's ability to understand the importance of both eating and sleeping in a healthy manner.
- C. Discusses interventions that may support the client in sleeping and eating with the adult members of the family.
- D. Requests a consult with the dietitian to discuss how to supplement the client's diet while using food to effectively promote sleep.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Choice C is correct as it involves discussing interventions with the family, respecting the client's cultural norms and involving them in the care plan.
2. Choice A assumes family involvement without assessing the client's preferences or cultural beliefs, potentially imposing Western values.
3. Choice B focuses solely on individual assessment without considering the importance of family dynamics in the client's culture.
4. Choice D addresses dietary concerns but overlooks the holistic approach of involving the family in the care plan.
The domestic roles of women as a housekeeper tend to be
- A. Undervalued
- B. Reversed
- C. Overpaid
- D. Appreciated
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Housekeeping roles are historically undervalued socially and economically.
You are running a caregiver support group for those who are caring for a person with impaired cognition related to Alzheimer's disease. You are planning a session on the stages of Alzheimer's disease, its progression and some useful helpful tips for these participating care givers. Which of the following elements should you include in this session?
- A. According to the Global Deterioration Scale, clients in the first stage of Alzheimer's disease tend to cover up their failing abilities
- B. According to the Reisberg Scale, clients in the first stage of Alzheimer's disease tend to cover up their failing abilities
- C. According to the Global Deterioration Scale, clients in the third stage of Alzheimer's disease tend to cover up their failing abilities
- D. According to the Reisberg Scale, clients in the fourth stage of Alzheimer's disease tend to cover up their failing abilities
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Global Deterioration Scale (A) notes denial in stage 1.
The child's ability to understand cause and effect develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cause-and-effect understanding begins in the sensorimotor stage through actions (Piaget).
The theorist who believes in social constructivism is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. Lev Vygotsky
- D. Erik Erikson
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lev Vygotsky's social constructivism emphasizes learning through social interaction.