Nokea
The public health department nurse is preparing a lecture on prevention of West Nile virus. Which information should the nurse include?
- A. Change water daily in pet dishes and birdbaths.
- B. Wear thick, dark clothing when outside to avoid bites.
- C. Apply insect repellent over face and arms only.
- D. Explain that mosquitoes are more prevalent in the morning.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Changing water daily in pet dishes and birdbaths (A) prevents mosquito breeding, reducing West Nile virus risk. Thick clothing (B) should be light-colored, repellent (C) should cover all exposed areas, and mosquitoes are more active at dusk (D).
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The client is prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin), an anticonvulsant, for a seizure disorder. Which statement indicates the client understands the discharge teaching concerning this medication?
- A. I will brush my teeth after every meal.'
- B. I will check my Dilantin level daily.'
- C. My urine will turn orange while on Dilantin.'
- D. I won’t have any seizures while on this medication.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin can cause gingival hyperplasia, so good oral hygiene (A) is essential and indicates understanding. Dilantin levels (B) are checked periodically by providers, not daily. Urine color change (C) is not typical, and seizures may still occur (D) if not fully controlled.
Which medication should the nurse administer first during a prolonged seizure?
- A. Phenytoin (Dilantin) IV
- B. Lorazepam (Ativan) IV
- C. Levetiracetam (Keppra) oral
- D. Carbamazepine (Tegretol) oral
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lorazepam IV is the first-line treatment for status epilepticus to rapidly stop seizure activity.
Which intervention is most appropriate for a client with a cerebral aneurysm at risk for rupture?
- A. Encourage deep coughing exercises.
- B. Maintain a quiet, dimly lit environment.
- C. Administer high-dose corticosteroids.
- D. Promote early ambulation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A quiet, dimly lit environment reduces stimuli that could increase intracranial pressure and risk aneurysm rupture.
When the medical history is reviewed, which finding is most likely related to the client's diagnosis?
- A. The client had an influenza immunization in the past week.
- B. The client was bitten by a spider several days ago.
- C. The client drinks fresh, unpasteurized milk daily.
- D. The client sprayed the garden with insecticide yesterday.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Guillain-Barré syndrome is often preceded by a viral infection or immunization, such as an influenza vaccine, which can trigger an autoimmune response.
The client recently has been diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement with the client?
- A. Assess the client's sense of smell and taste.
- B. Teach the client how to care for the eyes.
- C. Instruct the client to have carbamazepine (Tegretol) levels monitored Multiple Choicely.
- D. Assist the client to identify factors that trigger an attack.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carbamazepine is a primary treatment for trigeminal neuralgia, and Multiple Choice monitoring of levels (C) prevents toxicity and ensures efficacy. Smell/taste (A) are unaffected, eye care (B) is relevant for Bell’s palsy, and triggers (D) are secondary to medication management.