Nokea
The rare but characteristic adverse effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors is
- A. Onycolysis
- B. Myopathy
- C. Alopecia
- D. Oculomucocutaneous syndrome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Myopathy, including muscle pain and weakness, is a rare but well-documented side effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), sometimes progressing to rhabdomyolysis.
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A patient will be discharged on quinidine sulfate (Quinidex) extended-release tablets for the treatment of ventricular ectopy. The nurse will include which information in the teaching plan?
- A. The medication should be stopped once the cardiac symptoms subside.
- B. Signs of cinchonism, such as tinnitus, loss of hearing, or slight blurring of vision, may occur.
- C. It is important to use sunscreen products when outside because of increased photosensitivity.
- D. If any tablet or capsule is visible in the stool, contact the prescriber immediately.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Signs of cinchonism, such as tinnitus, loss of hearing, or slight blurring of vision, may occur. Cinchonism is a potential side effect of quinidine sulfate, characterized by symptoms like tinnitus, loss of hearing, and blurred vision. It is essential for the nurse to educate the patient about these potential adverse effects to ensure early recognition and prompt reporting to the healthcare provider. This information is crucial for monitoring the patient's response to the medication and preventing further complications.
Incorrect choices:
A: The medication should not be stopped abruptly, and it is important to complete the prescribed course even if symptoms subside to prevent recurrence.
C: While photosensitivity can be a side effect of some medications, it is not specifically associated with quinidine sulfate. It is not a priority teaching point for this medication.
D: Seeing the tablet in the stool does not necessarily indicate treatment failure or danger. It is more likely due to the extended
The nurse is reviewing the food choices of a patient who is taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Which food choice would indicate the need for additional teaching?
- A. Orange juice
- B. Fried eggs over-easy
- C. Salami and Swiss cheese sandwich
- D. Biscuits and honey
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Salami and Swiss cheese sandwich. This is because salami and Swiss cheese are high in tyramine, which can cause a hypertensive crisis in patients taking MAOIs due to their inhibitory effect on monoamine oxidase. Orange juice (A) does not contain tyramine. Fried eggs over-easy (B) and biscuits with honey (D) are also safe choices as they do not contain high levels of tyramine. Therefore, the need for additional teaching is indicated by the selection of foods high in tyramine like salami and Swiss cheese.
The nurse is reviewing the use of antitussive drugs. Antitussive drugs would be most appropriate for which patient?
- A. A patient who has pneumonia with a productive cough
- B. A patient who has a tracheostomy and thick mucus secretions
- C. A patient who has had a productive cough for 2 weeks
- D. A patient who has developed bronchitis 2 days after abdominal surgery
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because antitussive drugs are used to suppress coughing. In the case of a patient who has developed bronchitis 2 days after abdominal surgery, coughing can be painful and may strain the surgical site. Therefore, using antitussive drugs to reduce the coughing can help prevent complications and promote healing post-surgery.
A, B, and C are incorrect:
A: Antitussive drugs are not appropriate for a patient with pneumonia and productive cough because coughing helps clear the airways of excess mucus.
B: Antitussive drugs are not suitable for a patient with a tracheostomy and thick mucus secretions as coughing helps clear the secretions and prevent infections.
C: Antitussive drugs are not indicated for a patient with a productive cough for 2 weeks as this may be a sign of an underlying condition that needs to be addressed rather than suppressed.
Safaa is a 65-year-old woman has been admitted to the emergency room with acute severe heart failure with pulmonary edema. Which one of the following is most useful?
- A. Digitoxin
- B. Furosemide
- C. Minoxidil
- D. Propranolol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide, an IV loop diuretic, rapidly reduces preload in acute heart failure with pulmonary edema.
Tick narcotic analgesic which is a phenylpiperidine derivative:
- A. Codeine
- B. Dezocine
- C. Fentanyl
- D. Buprenorphine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fentanyl. Fentanyl is a phenylpiperidine derivative due to its specific chemical structure containing a piperidine ring attached to a phenyl group. Codeine (A) is an opioid, but not a phenylpiperidine derivative. Dezocine (B) is a benzomorphan derivative. Buprenorphine (D) is a thebaine derivative. Fentanyl stands out as the only option that fits the phenylpiperidine derivative category.