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The school health nurse observes that a large percentage of Hispanic children in the elementary school are overweight. Which screening program should the nurse choose to target the highest priority health concern for this population?
- A. Diabetes mellitus.
- B. Hypothyroidism.
- C. English proficiency.
- D. Iron deficiency anemia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Overweight Hispanic children are at high risk for type 2 diabetes, making diabetes screening a priority to detect and manage this condition early, given its increasing prevalence in this population.
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The nurse is planning a health fair for high school students. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain?
- A. Weight and height.
- B. Sexual activity.
- C. Immunization history.
- D. Visual acuity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing sexual activity is critical for high school students to address sexual health, STIs, and pregnancy risks, guiding tailored education and interventions.
A community health nurse is planning strategies to prevent an increase in the incidence of osteoporosis in the community. Which activity should the nurse include?
- A. Ensure that all meals delivered to persons receiving Meals-on-Wheels include fresh or canned fruit.
- B. Schedule blood pressure screenings during craft club hours for elderly women at the senior center.
- C. Lobby the local school board to increase physical education classes at all schools in the district.
- D. Collaborate with a local scout troop to determine families that need wheelchair ramps installed.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increasing physical education promotes weight-bearing exercises, essential for building bone density and preventing osteoporosis, especially in youth.
The parish nurse notes that an older adult client has had a 5 lb (2.3 kg) weight loss since a check-up one month ago. The client has good hygiene, still drives a car, and lives alone. To which agency should the nurse refer this client?
- A. The Senior Citizen Center.
- B. The Social Security Administration office.
- C. The Adult Day Care Center.
- D. The Women, Infant, and Children office.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Senior Citizen Center offers social activities and meal programs that can address potential causes of weight loss, such as isolation or inadequate nutrition, suitable for an independent older adult.
During a community health screening fair for older adults, the nurse observes a client who has pale, bluish feet, with sores on both lower extremities that are healing poorly. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Refer to healthcare provider for complete evaluation.
- B. Send client to the emergency department for treatment.
- C. Instruct client to apply antibiotic ointment to sores.
- D. Create a list of foods that promote wound healing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pale, bluish feet with poor-healing sores suggest serious conditions like peripheral vascular disease, requiring a comprehensive healthcare provider evaluation.
Several clients who have recently come to the local health clinic in a rural county are diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB). After reporting the occurrence to the health department, which community focused action should the nurse implement first?
- A. Collaborate with local schools in screening children.
- B. Develop a community educational program.
- C. Provide referrals for home health care follow up.
- D. Perform a community health assessment.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A community health assessment is the first step to understand the extent of the TB outbreak, identify high-risk groups, and tailor interventions like screening or education effectively.