Nokea
The school nurse is caring for a 7-year-old child who has demonstrated a significantly lower-than-average score for mental age on standardized tests in reading. However, the child?s IQ scores were within the average range. The nurse interprets this information as suggesting which of the following?
- A. Communication disorder
- B. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- C. Asperger syndrome
- D. Dyslexia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A significantly lower reading score despite an average IQ suggests dyslexia, a learning disorder affecting reading and language processing. Option A is too broad, as communication disorders encompass more than reading issues. Option B (ADHD) typically affects attention, not specifically reading. Option C (Asperger?s) is less likely, as it primarily involves social and behavioral challenges, not reading-specific deficits.
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A 12-year-old child is brought to the mental health clinic by his parents because of a court-ordered evaluation. When assessing the child, which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect that the child has a conduct disorder? Select all that apply.
- A. Destruction of neighbor?s car on two separate occasions
- B. Arrests for petty larceny several times
- C. Repetitive disobedience of parents
- D. Blaming of others for problems
- E. Evidence of overt lying
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Conduct disorder involves persistent patterns of behavior that violate societal norms or others? rights. Destruction of property (A), petty larceny (B), disobedience (C), blaming others (D), and lying (E) are all indicative of conduct disorder, as they reflect aggression, deceit, and rule-breaking.
A 10-year-old child with Tourette?s disorder is receiving haloperidol as part of his treatment plan. When assessing the child at a follow-up visit, which statement by the child would lead the nurse to suspect that he is experiencing a side effect of the drug?
- A. Sometimes I feel like I?m so sleepy.
- B. I?m eating about the same amount as before.
- C. My muscles seem pretty flexible lately.
- D. I think I?m much more alert with this drug.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Haloperidol, an antipsychotic, commonly causes sedation as a side effect, so the child?s report of feeling sleepy (option A) suggests this. Option B (unchanged eating) and option C (flexible muscles) are not typical side effects. Option D (increased alertness) is opposite to haloperidol?s sedative effect.
A group of nurses is reviewing medications used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify methylphenidate as which of the following?
- A. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
- B. Psychostimulant
- C. Noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor
- D. Alpha agonist
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Methylphenidate is a psychostimulant used to treat ADHD by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels to improve attention and impulse control. Option A (SSRI) is for depression, option C (noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor) describes drugs like atomoxetine, and option D (alpha agonist) includes drugs like clonidine.
A nurse is assessing a child who is suspected of having attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Which of the following would the nurse identify as reflecting impulsiveness in the child?
- A. Inability to wait his turn
- B. Restlessness
- C. Difficulty completing a task
- D. Risk-taking behavior
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Inability to wait one?s turn is a hallmark of impulsiveness in ADHD, as it reflects acting without forethought. Option B (restlessness) relates to hyperactivity, and option C (difficulty completing tasks) reflects inattention. Option D (risk-taking) may occur but is less specific to impulsiveness than waiting difficulties.
A group of nursing students is reviewing information about disruptive behavior disorders. The students demonstrate understanding of the topic when they identify which of the following as an externalizing disorder?
- A. Anxiety
- B. Depression
- C. Schizophrenia
- D. Conduct disorder
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Conduct disorder is an externalizing disorder characterized by behaviors like aggression and rule-breaking, which are outwardly directed. Anxiety (option A), depression (option B), and schizophrenia (option C) are internalizing or psychotic disorders, not externalizing.