Nokea
The school nurse recognizes that pubertal delay in girls is considered if breast development has not occurred by which age?
- A. 10 years
- B. 11 years
- C. 12 years
- D. 13 years
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Girls may be considered to have pubertal delay if breast development has not occurred by age 13 years or if menarche has not occurred within 2 to 2 1/2 years of the onset of breast development.
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According to Erikson, the psychosocial task of adolescence is developing what?
- A. Identity
- B. Intimacy
- C. Initiative
- D. Independence
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Traditional psychosocial theory holds that the developmental crises of adolescence lead to the formation of a sense of identity. Intimacy is the developmental stage for early adulthood. Independence is not one of Eriksons developmental stages.
The school nurse teaches adolescents that the detrimental long-term effects of tanning are what? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Vitamin D deficiency
- B. Premature aging of the skin
- C. Exacerbates acne outbreaks
- D. Increased risk for skin cancer
- E. Possible phototoxic reactions
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Adolescents should be educated regarding the detrimental effects of sunlight on the skin. Long-term effects include premature aging of the skin; increased risk for skin cancer; and, in susceptible individuals, phototoxic reactions. Exposure to levels of sunlight cause an increase in vitamin D production. Tanning can often reduce outbreaks of acne.
How does the onset of the pubertal growth spurt compare in girls and boys?
- A. In girls, it occurs about 1 year before it appears in boys.
- B. In girls, it occurs about 3 years before it appears in boys.
- C. In boys, it occurs about 1 year before it appears in girls.
- D. It is about the same in both boys and girls.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The average age of onset is 9 1/2 years for girls and 10 1/2 years for boys. Although pubertal growth spurts may occur in girls 3 years before it appears in boys on an individual basis, the average difference is 1 year. Usually girls begin their pubertal growth spurt earlier than boys.
In girls, what is the initial indication of puberty?
- A. Menarche
- B. Growth spurt
- C. Breast development
- D. Growth of pubic hair
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In most girls, the initial indication of puberty is the appearance of breast buds, an event known as thelarche. The usual sequence of secondary sexual characteristic development in girls is breast changes, a rapid increase in height and weight, growth of pubic hair, appearance of axillary hair, menstruation (menarche), and abrupt deceleration of linear growth.
What is true concerning masturbation during adolescence?
- A. Homosexuality is encouraged by the practice of masturbation.
- B. Many girls do not begin masturbation until after they have intercourse.
- C. Masturbation at an early age leads to sexual intercourse at an earlier age.
- D. Development of intimate relationships is delayed when masturbation is regularly practiced.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The age of first masturbation for girls is variable. Some begin masturbating in early adolescence; many do not begin until after they have had intercourse. Boys typically begin masturbation in early adolescence. Masturbation provides an opportunity for self-exploration. Both heterosexual and homosexual youth use masturbation. It does not affect the development of intimacy.