HESI A2 Physics Quizlet

HESI A2 Physics Quizlet Related

Review HESI A2 Physics Quizlet related questions and content

The specific heat capacity of water is about 2 J/g°C. How much energy would you need to heat 1 kilogram of water by 10°C?

  • A. 420 J
  • B. 4,200 J
  • C. 42,000 J
  • D. 420,000 J
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The formula to calculate the energy required to heat a substance is Q = m c ΔT, where m is the mass, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature. Given that 1 kilogram of water is equal to 1,000 grams, the mass (m) is 1,000 g, the specific heat capacity (c) of water is 4.2 J/g°C (not 2 J/g°C), and the change in temperature (ΔT) is 10°C. Substituting these values into the formula: Q = 1,000 4.2 10 = 42,000 J. Therefore, the correct energy required to heat 1 kilogram of water by 10°C is 42,000 J. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not consider the correct specific heat capacity of water or the conversion of mass to grams.

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In Einstein's mass-energy equation, what is represented by c?

  • A. Distance in centimeters
  • B. The speed of light
  • C. Degrees Celsius
  • D. Centrifugal force
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In Einstein's mass-energy equation, E=mc^2, the symbol 'c' represents the speed of light in a vacuum, which is approximately equal to 3.00 x 10^8 meters per second. This equation demonstrates the equivalence of energy (E) and mass (m) and is a fundamental concept in the theory of relativity. Choice A is incorrect as 'c' does not represent distance in centimeters. Choice C is incorrect as 'c' does not represent degrees Celsius. Choice D is incorrect as 'c' does not represent centrifugal force.

In a static fluid, pressure (P) at a depth (h) is governed by the hydrostatic equation:

  • A. P = ρgh
  • B. P = γh
  • C. P = μgh
  • D. P = bh
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct formula for the pressure at a certain depth in a fluid according to the hydrostatic equation is P = ρgh. Here, ρ represents the fluid's density, g is the gravitational acceleration, and h is the depth. This formula shows that pressure increases linearly with the density of the fluid, the acceleration due to gravity, and the depth. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the relationship between pressure, density, gravitational acceleration, and depth in a static fluid.

Electric motors convert electrical energy primarily into:

  • A. Thermal energy
  • B. Light
  • C. Mechanical energy
  • D. Sound waves
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. When electricity passes through the coils in the motor, it creates a magnetic field that interacts with the field from the permanent magnets, resulting in a force that drives motion. Choice A, 'Thermal energy,' is incorrect as electric motors are designed to minimize heat production. Choice B, 'Light,' is incorrect as electric motors do not produce light as a primary output. Choice D, 'Sound waves,' is incorrect as the primary output of an electric motor is mechanical motion, not sound waves.

A pitcher throws a 45-g baseball at a velocity of 42 meters per second. What is the ball's momentum?

  • A. 0.189 kgâ‹…m/s
  • B. 1.89 kgâ‹…m/s
  • C. 1.07 kgâ‹…m/s
  • D. 0.93 kgâ‹…m/s
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Momentum is calculated by multiplying mass (in kg) by velocity (in m/s). The mass of the baseball is 0.045 kg (45 grams converted to kg), and the velocity is 42 m/s. Momentum = 0.045 kg 42 m/s = 1.89 kgâ‹…m/s. Therefore, the correct answer is 1.89 kgâ‹…m/s. Choice A is incorrect as it incorrectly converts the mass from grams to kg. Choice C and D are incorrect due to calculation errors.

A common example of a shear-thinning (non-Newtonian) fluid is:

  • A. Water
  • B. Ketchup
  • C. Air
  • D. Alcohol
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ketchup. Shear-thinning fluids become less viscous under stress. Ketchup is an example of a shear-thinning fluid because its viscosity decreases when it is shaken or squeezed, allowing it to flow more easily.

Choice A, Water, is a Newtonian fluid with a constant viscosity regardless of stress. Choice C, Air, is also a Newtonian fluid. Choice D, Alcohol, does not exhibit shear-thinning behavior; it typically has a constant viscosity as well.

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