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The spouse of a patient in hospice care angrily tells the nurse, The care provided by the aide and other family members is inadequate, so I must do everything myself. Cant anyone do things right? The palliative care nurse should:
- A. provide teaching about anticipatory grieving.
- B. assign new personnel to the patients care.
- C. arrange hospitalization for the patient.
- D. refer the spouse for crisis counseling.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The behaviors described in this scenario are consistent with anticipatory grieving. The spouse needs to be taught about the process of anticipatory grieving and to receive counseling to validate what she is experiencing and to enhance coping. The incorrect options are not appropriate to the situation and do not respond to the spouses needs.
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The founder of the classical school of criminology was
- A. Jeremy Bentham
- B. Cesare Beccaria
- C. Cesare Lombroso
- D. Edwin Sutherland
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cesare Beccaria founded the classical school, emphasizing rational choice in crime.
Your client is in the special care area of your hospital with multiple trauma and severe bodily burns. This 45 year old male client has an advance directive that states that the client wants all life saving measures including cardiopulmonary resuscitation and advance cardiac life support, including mechanical ventilation. As you are caring for the client, the client has a complete cardiac and respiratory arrest. This client has little of no chance for survival and they are facing imminent death according to your professional judgement, knowledge of pathophysiology and your critical thinking. You believe that all life saving measures for this client would be futile. What is the first thing that you, as the nurse, should do?
- A. Call the doctor and advise them that the client's physical status has significantly changed and that they have just had a cardiopulmonary arrest.
- B. Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation other emergency life saving measures.
- C. Notify the family of the client's condition and ask them what they should be done for the client.
- D. Insure that the client is without any distressing signs and symptoms at the end of life.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Resuscitation must begin immediately as per the advance directive until further instructions from the doctor.
The child's ability to understand probability develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Probability understanding requires abstract reasoning, developing in the formal operational stage (Piaget).
The parent of an adolescent diagnosed with mental illness asks the nurse, Why do you want to do a family assessment? My teenager is the patient, not the rest of us. Select the nurses best response.
- A. Family dysfunction might have caused the mental illness.
- B. Family members provide more accurate information than the patient.
- C. Family assessment is part of the protocol for care of all patients with mental illness.
- D. Every family members perception of events is different and adds to the total picture.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The identified patient usually bears most of the family systems anxiety and may have come to the attention of parents, teachers, or law enforcement because of poor coping skills. The correct response helps the family understand that the opinions of each will be valued. It allows the nurse to assess individual coping and prepares the family for the experience of working together to set goals and solve problems. The other responses are either incorrect or evasive.
The psychosexual stage associated with aggression is
- A. Oral
- B. Anal
- C. Phallic
- D. Genital
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The phallic stage (3-6 years) can involve aggression tied to Oedipal conflicts (Freud).