Nokea
The stool culture of a child with profuse diarrhea reveals Salmonella bacilli. After teaching the mother about Salmonella, which of the following statements by the mother indicates effective teaching?
- A. Some people become carriers and stay infectious for a long time.
- B. After the acute stage passes, the organism is usually not present in the stool.
- C. Although the organism may be alive indefinitely, in time it will be of no danger to anyone.
- D. If my child continues to have the organism in the stool, an antitoxin can help destroy the organism.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Salmonella can lead to a carrier state with prolonged infectiousness.
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Shortly after an infant is returned to his room following hydrocele repair, the infant's mother tells the nurse that the child's scrotum looks swollen and bruised. Which of the following responses by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. Let me see if the doctor has ordered aspirin for him. If he did
- B. I'll get it right away.
- C. Why don't you wait in his room? Then you can ask me any questions when I get there.
- D. What you are describing is unusual after this type of surgery. I'll let the doctor know.
- E. This is normal after this type of surgery. Let's look at it together just to be sure.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Swelling and bruising post-surgery are common.
What should be part of the nurse's teaching plan for a child with epilepsy being discharged on a regimen of diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin)?
- A. Drinking plenty of fluids.
- B. Brushing teeth after each meal.
- C. Having someone be with the child during waking hours.
- D. Reporting signs of infection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dilantin can cause gingival hyperplasia; brushing after meals promotes oral hygiene to mitigate this side effect.
The nurse is caring for a child with leukemia who reports mouth sores. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Encourage spicy foods to stimulate appetite.
- B. Provide a soft toothbrush and mild mouth rinse.
- C. Administer aspirin for pain relief.
- D. Avoid oral care until sores heal.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A soft toothbrush and mild mouth rinse prevent irritation and infection in mouth sores, common in leukemia due to chemotherapy. Aspirin and spicy foods worsen sores.
A nurse is assessing the growth and development of a 10-year-old. What is the expected behavior of this child?
- A. Enjoys physical demonstrations of affection.
- B. Is selfish and insensitive to the welfare of others.
- C. Is uncooperative in play and school.
- D. Has a strong sense of justice and fair play.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A 10-year-old typically develops a sense of fairness and justice in social interactions.
A 4-year-old has been scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. To help prepare the family the nurse should:
- A. Advise the family to bring the child to the hospital the night before.
- B. Explain that the child will need a large bandage after the procedure.
- C. Discourage bringing favorite toys that might become associated with pain.
- D. Explain that the child may get up as soon as the vital signs are stable.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The catheter insertion site will be covered with a bandage. This is important for preschool children to know as they are very concerned about bodily harm. Preparing the child the night before, bringing favorite toys, and explaining activity restrictions are also important but not the primary focus of this choice.