Nokea
The student nurse is learning about the functions of different antibodies. Which principles does the student learn?
- A. IgD is found in high concentrations in secretions from mucous membranes
- B. IgD is present in the highest concentrations in mucous membranes
- C. IgE is associated with antibody-mediated hypersensitivity reactions
- D. IgE is present in the majority of the antibody-mediated population
- E. IgE is present in the majority of the antibody-mediated population
- F. IgE is present in the majority of the antibody-mediated population
- G. IgE is present in the majority of the antibody-mediated population
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: IgE is associated with antibody-mediated hypersensitivity reactions, such as allergic responses, due to its role in triggering mast cell degranulation.
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A client is taking prednisone to prevent transplant rejection. What instruction by the nurse is most important?
- A. Avoid large crowds and people who are ill.
- B. Client who is reduce client control of acetaminophen.
- C. Take this medicine exactly as is prescribed.
- D. You have a higher risk of developing cancer.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prednisone, like all steroids, decreases immune function. The client should be advised to avoid large crowds and people who are ill to reduce the risk of infection.
Which processes need to be functional and interact with each other for a person to be immunocompetent?
- A. Antibody-mediated immunity
- B. Cell-mediated immunity
- C. Inflammation
- D. Red blood cells
- E. White blood cells
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Immunocompetence requires the interaction of antibody-mediated immunity, cell-mediated immunity, and inflammation to effectively protect the body against pathogens.
A client receiving muromonab-CD3 (Orthoclone OKT3) asks the nurse how the drug works. What response by the nurse is best?
- A. Increases the elimination of T lymphocytes from circulation
- B. It inhibits cytokine production in most lymphocytes
- C. It inhibits cytokine production in most lymphocytes
- D. It prevents the activation of the lymphocytes responsible for rejection
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Muromonab-CD3 (Orthoclone OKT3) is a monoclonal antibody that increases the elimination of T lymphocytes from circulation, reducing the immune response to prevent transplant rejection.
A student nurse is learning about the types of different cells involved in the inflammatory response. Which principles does the student learn?
- A. Basophils are only involved in the general inflammatory process
- B. Basophils are only involved in the general inflammatory process
- C. Macrophages participate in many episodes of phagocytosis
- D. Monocytes turn into macrophages after they enter body tissues
- E. Neutrophils can only take part in one episode of phagocytosis
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Basophils are involved in both general inflammation and allergic/hypersensitivity responses. Macrophages can perform multiple phagocytosis episodes, monocytes differentiate into macrophages in tissues, and neutrophils are limited to one phagocytosis event.
The nurse working with clients who have autoimmune diseases understands that what component of cell-mediated immunity is the problem?
- A. CD4+ cells
- B. Covered T cells
- C. Natural killer cells
- D. Suppressor T cells
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Suppressor T cells (also known as regulatory T cells) help prevent hypersensitivity to one's own cells. Dysfunction in these cells can lead to autoimmune diseases.