Nokea
The theorist who believes human behavior is determined is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. B.F. Skinner
- D. Albert Bandura
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Skinner's behaviorism views behavior as environmentally determined.
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A hospitalized patient, injured in a fall while intoxicated, believes spiders are spinning entrapping webs in the room. The patient is anxious, agitated, and diaphoretic. Which nursing intervention has priority?
- A. Check the patient every 15 minutes.
- B. Rigorously encourage fluid intake.
- C. Provide one-on-one supervision.
- D. Keep the room dimly lit.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Provide one-on-one supervision. This intervention has priority because the patient is experiencing hallucinations, agitation, and anxiety, which can pose a risk to their safety. One-on-one supervision ensures constant monitoring and immediate intervention if the patient's condition deteriorates. Checking the patient every 15 minutes (A) may not provide timely intervention. Encouraging fluid intake (B) is important but not the priority in this situation. Keeping the room dimly lit (D) may not address the patient's hallucinations and agitation adequately.
A health care worker is exposed to blood from a patient who has HIV. What action should the worker take after the exposure?
- A. Apply alcohol to the site.
- B. Cleanse the site with soap and water.
- C. Flush the site with hot running water.
- D. Apply a topical antibiotic to the site.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cleanse the site with soap and water. This is because soap and water effectively clean and disinfect the wound, reducing the risk of infection. Alcohol may not be as effective in removing bloodborne pathogens like HIV. Flushing with hot water can cause tissue damage and is not recommended. Applying a topical antibiotic is not necessary for blood exposure and may not prevent HIV transmission. Proper cleansing with soap and water is crucial to minimize the risk of infection following exposure to bloodborne pathogens like HIV.
The child's ability to understand logical relationships develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Logical relationships, like classification, develop in the concrete operational stage (Piaget).
Sarah is an African American woman who receives a visit from the psychiatric home health nurse. A referral for a mental health assessment was made by the public health nurse, who noticed that Sarah was becoming exceedingly withdrawn. When the psychiatric nurse arrives, Sarah says to her, 'No one can help me. I was an evil person in my youth, and now I must pay.' How might the nurse assess this statement?
- A. Sarah is having delusions of persecution.
- B. Some African Americans believe illness is God's punishment for their sins.
- C. Sarah is depressed and just wants to be left alone.
- D. African Americans do not believe in psychiatric help.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sarah's statement about being an evil person in her youth and needing to pay suggests a cultural or spiritual belief that illness is a punishment for sins, common among some African Americans, aligning with option b.
In order to best evaluate the achievement of goals of individual stress management group members, the nurse leading the group:
- A. Has each member at the last meeting write a short description of how the sessions helped him or her manage stress more effectively.
- B. Asks each member at each session to demonstrate a stress management technique he or she has learned while attending the sessions.
- C. Periodically asks the members to rate their ability to manage stress using the techniques learned in the group sessions on a Likert scale.
- D. Has each member's ability to manage stress evaluated by the group at the final session.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because using a Likert scale to periodically ask group members to rate their ability to manage stress with the techniques learned provides quantitative data for evaluating progress. This method allows for tracking changes over time and identifying trends in stress management improvement.
A is incorrect because it relies on subjective self-reporting at the last meeting only, which may not capture ongoing progress. B is incorrect as it focuses on individual demonstrations at each session, which may not reflect overall stress management improvement. D is incorrect as it relies on group evaluation at the final session, which may not provide consistent and individualized feedback throughout the program.