Nokea
The two oval-shaped organs that produce, store, and release human eggs are called __________________.
- A. clitoris
- B. ovaries
- C. Fallopian tubes
- D. Vagina
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: ovaries. Ovaries are the organs responsible for producing, storing, and releasing human eggs. They are oval-shaped and play a crucial role in the female reproductive system. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: clitoris is a small, sensitive organ located near the entrance of the vagina, not involved in egg production.
C: Fallopian tubes are responsible for transporting eggs from the ovaries to the uterus, not for producing or storing eggs.
D: Vagina is the muscular tube connecting the uterus to the outside of the body, not involved in egg production.
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The deferent duct (vas deferens):
- A. joins with the seminal vesicle duct and forms the ejaculatory duct;
- B. continues the rete testis;
- C. continues the epididymal duct;
- D. is an extratesticular spermatic duct;
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for Choice C (Continues the epididymal duct) being the correct answer:
1. The deferent duct, also known as the vas deferens, is a continuation of the epididymal duct.
2. Sperm mature and are stored in the epididymis before passing into the vas deferens.
3. The vas deferens carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct during ejaculation.
Summary:
- Choice A is incorrect because the deferent duct does not join with the seminal vesicle duct to form the ejaculatory duct.
- Choice B is incorrect as the vas deferens does not continue the rete testis.
- Choice D is incorrect as the vas deferens is an intratesticular spermatic duct, not extratesticular.
Menarche is the
- A. first menses
- B. permanent cessation of menses
- C. first sign of sperm production
- D. time of first ovulation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: first menses. Menarche refers to the onset of a girl's first menstrual period, signifying the beginning of her reproductive years. This event marks the maturation of the reproductive system and the ability to conceive. The other choices are incorrect because menarche does not refer to the permanent cessation of menses (choice B), the first sign of sperm production (choice C), or the time of first ovulation (choice D). Menarche specifically pertains to the first menstrual cycle in females, indicating the initiation of their menstrual and reproductive functions.
A patient comes in having had repeated colds and infections. Problems in his ear are shown to be due to accumulation of fluid in the middle ear. This is due to a blockage of the:
- A. Saccule
- B. Utricle
- C. External ear
- D. Eustachian tube
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Eustachian tube. The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat, helping to equalize air pressure and drain fluid from the middle ear. Blockage of the Eustachian tube can lead to fluid accumulation in the middle ear, causing ear problems. The other choices, A: Saccule and B: Utricle, are structures in the inner ear related to balance and hearing, not fluid drainage. Choice C: External ear, refers to the outer ear structures and is not involved in middle ear fluid accumulation.
The spermatozoon is made up of:
- A. head;
- B. mid piece or neck;
- C. flagellum;
- D. body;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: head. The spermatozoon is composed of three main parts: head, mid piece or neck, and flagellum. The head contains the nucleus which carries genetic material. The mid piece or neck contains mitochondria for energy production. The flagellum is responsible for sperm motility. In this question, the head is the most essential part of the spermatozoon as it contains the genetic material required for fertilization. The other choices (B: mid piece or neck, C: flagellum, D: body) are incorrect as they are important for sperm function but do not carry the genetic material necessary for fertilization.
Outermost layer of the uterus is
- A. Peritoneum
- B. Pericardium
- C. Perimetrium
- D. Pericyte
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Perimetrium. The perimetrium is the outermost layer of the uterus and consists of a thin serous layer of connective tissue. This layer provides support and protection to the uterus.
Rationale:
1. Peritoneum (A) is the serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity, not the outermost layer of the uterus.
2. Pericardium (B) is the membranous sac that surrounds the heart, not related to the uterus.
3. Pericyte (D) is a type of cell found in blood vessels and involved in vascular function, not a layer of the uterus.
In summary, the perimetrium is the correct answer as it is the specific layer that forms the outer covering of the uterus, providing structural support and protection.