Nokea
The use of radioactive iodine in the treatment of hyperthyroidism is for which purpose?
- A. stimulate the thyroid gland.
- B. depress the pituitary.
- C. destroy some of the thyroid tissue.
- D. alter the stimulus from the pituitary.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Radioactive iodine 131 destroys some of the hyperactive thyroid gland to produce a more normally functioning gland.
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The patient being treated for hypothyroidism has been instructed to eat well-balanced meals including intake of iodine. The nurse will reinforce instructions to eat which food containing iodine?
- A. Eggs
- B. Pork
- C. White bread
- D. Skinless chicken
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The diet for hypothyroidism should be adequate in intake of iodine, in foods such as saltwater fish, milk, and eggs; fluids should be increased to help prevent constipation.
The nurse is administering long-acting insulin once a day, which provides insulin coverage for 24 hours. This insulin is ___
Correct Answer: Glargine
Rationale: Glargine is a long-acting synthetic (recombinant DNA origin, human-made) human insulin. It is used once a day at bedtime and works around the clock for 24 hours.
Which disorder is a long-term complication of diabetes mellitus?
- A. Diverticulitis
- B. Renal failure
- C. Hypothyroidism
- D. Hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Long-term complications of diabetes include blindness, cardiovascular problems, and renal failure.
Which information will the nurse provide a patient with type I diabetes regarding excessive exercise?
- A. It can increase the need for insulin and may result in hyperglycemia.
- B. It can decrease the need for insulin and may result in hypoglycemia.
- C. It can increase muscle bulk and may result in malabsorption of insulin.
- D. It can decrease metabolic demand and may result in metabolic acidosis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient with diabetes should exercise regularly. Exercise can reduce insulin resistance and increase glucose uptake for as long as 72 hours, as well as reducing blood pressure and lipid levels. However, exercise can carry some risks for patients with diabetes, including hypoglycemia.
Which gland is the master gland of the endocrine system?
- A. Thyroid
- B. Parathyroid
- C. Pancreas
- D. Pituitary
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The pituitary gland, located in the brain, is the master gland of the endocrine system. It has been called the 'master gland' because through the negative feedback inhibition, it exerts its control over the other endocrine glands.