Nokea
There appears to be a power struggle among the members of an outpatient therapeutic support group. Which event that occurred during a session demonstrates a need for the leader to intervene?
- A. Two members consistently engaged in debates that made voting on issues very difficult.
- B. A member abruptly left the group session when his proposal did not gain enough votes to pass.
- C. Three members monopolized the session debating what stress management technique is most helpful.
- D. The decision regarding the admission of late members had to be postponed since no agreement could be reached.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. In this scenario, consistent debates hindering decision-making indicate a power struggle. The leader should intervene to facilitate productive discussions and maintain group cohesion. Choice B demonstrates individual frustration, not a group dynamic issue. Choice C shows members monopolizing, but not necessarily a power struggle. Choice D reflects a disagreement, but not a power struggle within the group. Therefore, Choice A is the most critical issue requiring intervention.
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Which of the following is a common ethical challenge for family practitioners?
- A. Choosing to focus on the welfare of the individual or the family
- B. Avoiding upsetting the family system through disclosure of therapist faith
- C. Choosing which theoretical orientation to apply to an individual family
- D. N/A
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Balancing individual vs. family welfare is a frequent ethical dilemma in systemic therapy.
Which statement most accurately describes substance dependence?
- A. It is a lack of control over use. Tolerance and withdrawal symptoms occur when intake is reduced or stopped.
- B. It occurs when psychoactive drug use interferes with the work of competing neurotransmitters.
- C. Symptoms occur when two or more drugs that affect the central nervous system (CNS) have additive effects.
- D. It involves taking a combination of substances to weaken or inhibit the effect of another drug.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for Answer A:
1. Substance dependence involves a lack of control over use, leading to compulsive drug-seeking behavior.
2. Tolerance and withdrawal symptoms are key indicators of substance dependence when intake is reduced or stopped.
3. These symptoms result from physiological changes in the body due to chronic drug use.
4. The cycle of tolerance and withdrawal reinforces the dependence on the substance.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
B. Interference with neurotransmitters is more related to the pharmacological effects of drugs, not a defining feature of substance dependence.
C. Additive effects of drugs do not necessarily indicate substance dependence but rather interactions between different substances.
D. Combining substances to weaken effects does not define substance dependence; it is more about the compulsive use and physical dependence on a substance.
Foreign medical graduates (FMGs) constitute what percentage of physicians in the U.S.?
- A. 5%
- B. 15%
- C. 25%
- D. 35%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: FMGs make up about 25% of U.S. physicians, per current data.
Which is not a technique of SFT?
- A. Joining the family
- B. Blocking inflexible patterns
- C. Heighten conflictual interaction
- D. Balancing inflexible patterns of interaction
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Balancing isn't a specific SFT technique; the others are standard.
The nurse demonstrates appropriate Asian-American cultural sensitivity when:
- A. Substituting the word 'sadness' for depression when participating at a health fair at a local Asian-American senior center.
- B. Anticipating that the Asian-American teenager is well educated concerning the dangers of tobacco and marijuana abuse.
- C. Being particularly interested in the older Asian-American's view regarding the role of alcohol in managing stress.
- D. Evaluating the critical thinking skills and short-term recall abilities of the Asian-American female over the age of 70.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because using the term 'sadness' instead of 'depression' shows cultural sensitivity. In many Asian cultures, mental health terms like 'depression' can carry stigma and be taboo. By using a milder term like 'sadness,' the nurse acknowledges and respects the cultural nuances around mental health. This approach can help build trust and rapport with the Asian-American community.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address cultural sensitivity in the same way as choice A. Anticipating an Asian-American teenager's education level or focusing on an older person's views on alcohol and evaluating cognitive abilities do not demonstrate the same level of cultural sensitivity as being mindful of the language used when discussing mental health.