Nokea
This law allows every Filipino to avail of affordable medicines
- A. Local Government Code
- B. Primary Health Care
- C. Universal Health Care
- D. Generic Drug Act
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: The Universal Health Care law aims to provide all Filipinos access to quality and affordable healthcare services, including medicines.
Step 2: This law covers a broader scope compared to the other choices.
Step 3: The Local Government Code focuses on local governance, not specifically on healthcare.
Step 4: Primary Health Care is a concept rather than a specific law targeting affordable medicines.
Step 5: The Generic Drug Act promotes the use of generic drugs but does not guarantee affordability for all Filipinos.
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In as much as Almira complained of vaginal spotting and abdominal cramps, which among the following will the nurse anticipate as the MOST likely diagnosis of the physician after a vaginal examination?
- A. Eclampsia
- B. Threatened abortion
- C. Placenta previa
- D. Abruptio placenta
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Threatened abortion. Vaginal spotting and abdominal cramps are common symptoms of a threatened abortion, which occurs when there is a risk of miscarriage but the pregnancy remains viable. This diagnosis is likely after a vaginal examination to assess the cervix and presence of fetal heartbeat.
A: Eclampsia is characterized by seizures in pregnancy due to high blood pressure, not typically presenting with vaginal spotting and cramps.
C: Placenta previa involves the placenta covering the cervix, leading to painless vaginal bleeding, not associated with cramps.
D: Abruptio placenta is premature separation of the placenta from the uterus, manifesting as painful bleeding, not typically with vaginal spotting and cramps.
A woman in active labor demonstrates signs of prolonged second stage, characterized by ineffective pushing efforts and slow fetal descent. What maternal condition should the nurse assess for that may contribute to this abnormal labor pattern?
- A. Maternal fatigue
- B. Pelvic floor dysfunction
- C. Fetal macrosomia
- D. Maternal hypotension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a woman in active labor exhibits signs of prolonged second stage, such as ineffective pushing efforts and slow fetal descent, one of the maternal conditions that should be considered is pelvic floor dysfunction. The pelvic floor muscles play a crucial role in supporting the uterus, bladder, and rectum. If these muscles are weak or dysfunctional, it can lead to difficulty in pushing effectively and impede the descent of the fetus through the birth canal. This can result in prolonged labor and increase the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby. Therefore, assessing for pelvic floor dysfunction is important in addressing the abnormal labor pattern and providing appropriate interventions to support the progress of labor.
While patient Sarah is confined in the hospital, the safety measure to be observed by the nurses is prevention from fall. This is brought about by the patient being prone to fracture as a result of________.
- A. aging process
- B. osteoporosis
- C. change in vision
- D. hematologic condition
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weakened bones, making individuals more susceptible to fractures, especially with minor trauma or falls. In the context of a patient prone to fractures, nurses should be particularly cautious about fall prevention.
A: The aging process alone does not necessarily lead to an increased risk of fractures. While aging is a risk factor for osteoporosis, it is not the direct cause of fractures in this case.
C: Changes in vision can contribute to an increased risk of falls, but it is not the primary reason for the patient being prone to fractures in this scenario.
D: Hematologic conditions may affect bone health, but they are not typically the primary cause of increased fracture risk in patients.
A patient is prescribed a statin medication for lipid-lowering therapy. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor closely in the patient?
- A. Muscle pain or weakness
- B. Dry cough
- C. Hypertension
- D. Hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Muscle pain or weakness. Statins can cause muscle-related side effects, including rhabdomyolysis, a severe condition that can lead to muscle pain and weakness. Monitoring for these symptoms is crucial to prevent serious complications.
B: Dry cough is not a common side effect of statins.
C: Hypertension is not directly associated with statin use.
D: Hyperkalemia is not a typical adverse effect of statins.
A patient expresses distrust in the healthcare system due to previous negative experiences. What is the nurse's best approach to rebuild trust?
- A. Dismiss the patient's concerns and assure them that the healthcare team is trustworthy.
- B. Listen actively to the patient's concerns, acknowledge their past experiences, and work to rebuild trust through transparency and reliability.
- C. Ignore the patient's distrust and proceed with providing care.
- D. Tell the patient that their distrust is unfounded and they should trust the healthcare system.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because actively listening, acknowledging the patient's concerns, and working towards rebuilding trust through transparency and reliability are essential steps in addressing distrust. By validating the patient's experiences and actively involving them in the process, the nurse can foster a supportive and trusting relationship.
Choice A is incorrect because dismissing the patient's concerns can further damage trust and undermine the patient's feelings. Choice C is incorrect as ignoring the distrust can lead to a breakdown in communication and trust. Choice D is incorrect because telling the patient to trust the healthcare system without addressing their concerns is dismissive and unhelpful.